Cctv newsOn July 22nd, the State Council held a press conference on the traceability of Covid-19.

　　Ceng Yixin, deputy director of the National Health and Wellness Commission, introduced that on March 30th this year, the World Health Organization officially released the joint research report on global traceability research in Covid-19: China convened by WHO, and the global traceability research made a good start.

　　Ceng Yixin said that this traceability research report is the China part of the global traceability research, and the expert group came to the following conclusion: The coronaviruses found in bats and pangolins, which are most closely related to Covid-19, have the highest homology with Covid-19 in terms of sequence, but these viruses are still not enough to prove that they are the direct ancestors of Covid-19. Although the homology is high, there is still a certain gap.

　　Combined with the research results of clinical epidemiology, animal and environmental detection, the joint expert group finally determined several possibilities of virus emergence: first, the direct spillover of zoonotic diseases is "possible to more likely", that is, the direct spillover from animal hosts to people is "possible to more likely". Secondly, it is "probable to very probable" to introduce the virus through an intermediate host. Generally speaking, it means that the natural host of the virus is an animal, and the animal transits to humans through an intermediate host. This is "probable to very probable". Third, it was introduced through the cold chain. In some sporadic epidemics in various places last year, it was found that cold chain transmission might introduce viruses, so it was considered possible. The last possibility, laboratory introduction is "extremely impossible", and the English expression is "Extremely Unlikely", which is such a research conclusion.

Special feature of 1905 film network　In the 34th week of 2023 (from August 21st to August 27th), the mainland box office closed at about 1.45 billion. Although the third week of the official release of "Put all your eggs in one basket" slowed down slightly, it still topped the weekly list with over 630 million weekly data. Bo Huang’s new film "Learning Dad" came to the second place in the following week, and the cumulative box office has broken 430 million, and the third place belongs to "Feng Shen I".

"Put all your eggs in one basket" broke 3.3 billion, ranking among the TOP3 movie-goers of the year.　

In the third week of the official release, "Put All Your Eggs" is still strong in the market. The slogan "One more person goes to the movies, and one less person is deceived" has already "warned" more than 81 million viewers. This data has also helped "Put All Your Eggs" surpass the box office runner-up "Wandering Earth 2" in the Spring Festival file and become the top three explosive films in the annual movie attendance. At present, the film is ahead of another popular summer movie "Disappeared She" and the year champion "Man Jiang Hong".

In the past week, the single-day box office high point appeared on the day of the Qixi file on Tuesday. And this year’s "Qixi" theme has also successfully changed from "love" to "anti-fraud" — — On the day of Tanabata, "Put All Your Eggs" swept several love movies opened on the same day with a box office of 160 million yuan, becoming the crown of the day. And "Missing each other" and "Burning Winter" are only ranked third and fifth. Among them, "Burning Winter" also caused a wide discussion because of the difference in theme and expression from the audience’s usual cognition of "Qixi".

The runner-up in this week’s box office list belongs to Bo Huang’s work "Learning Dad". With the theme of "Chicken Baby" close to the parents’ "pain point", the film found a new track for parent-child viewing in the summer. At present, the cumulative box office of the film has exceeded 430 million. The third runner-up was also Bo Huang’s "Feng Shen I". The word-of-mouth of the film continued to decline after the release, and the Douban score has reached 7.9. The "long tail effect" of word-of-mouth driving the box office is also fully reflected. At present, the cumulative box office of the film has successfully exceeded 2.4 billion, and director Wu Ershan will once again announce that the second part of the series will meet the audience in the summer file next year.

Week 35: The visual experience is full! NolanOppenheimerHit hard

In the new week, the most anticipated is Nolan’s new work Oppenheimer. Previously, the director himself solemnly brought his new film to China for publicity, and the discussion, interpretation and analysis of the movie has raised the expectations of fans to the highest level. On Wednesday, the film will be released, and I look forward to what new visual shock Nolan will bring this time.

This topic is actually a choice of products.

The core requirements of cross-border e-commerce product selection: quality goods, superior prices, consistent with cross-border sales characteristics, meeting the needs of target overseas markets, and highlighting their own unique competitive advantages.

What kind of products are suitable for cross-border e-commerce?

This issue is also very popular. Xiao Bian believes that the following points should be considered:

(1) The market potential is huge and the profit rate is relatively high. The profit rate of products made in cross-border electronic commerce is basically more than 50%, even 100%.

(2) simple operation. Don’t cross the border for products that need guidance and installation, because the cost of subsequent complaints and customer service is very high.

(3) It is suitable for international logistics, and the product is relatively small in volume, light in weight and not easy to break.

(4) have their own independent product design, including product research and development capabilities, packaging design capabilities, etc.

(5) The after-sales service is simple, and there is basically no need for any after-sales service products.

(6) Don’t violate the laws, regulations and intellectual property rights of the platform and the destination country, especially piracy or contraband. This kind of product not only can’t make money, but even needs to pay the legal price.

The core of the success of cross-border e-commerce stores is the differentiated characteristics.

A cross-border store must have its own store characteristics under the trend of 2018, including specific target market selection, differentiated customer demand satisfaction and personalized store core competitiveness (including price, style, sales strategy, etc.)!

If you want to shorten the time of product selection, you can select categories through data tools. When operating data tools to select products, you can also position your own store characteristics. The differentiation of store positioning includes the design of store decoration (according to the design and decoration of overseas target markets with characteristics), the design of product styles (with your own original design and characteristic design), and differentiated price strategies (your price is to explode and profit, Brand is a big differentiation. The core keyword of cross-border e-commerce in 2018 is branding. Therefore, we should make brands with our heart. Brands not only reflect differentiation, but also enhance product profits.

Although cross-border e-commerce looks complicated, it is actually very simple to operate cross-border e-commerce after systematic cross-border e-commerce training.

For doing cross-border e-commerce, it is also true for other businesses. Whether the business is good or not, whether it is successful or not, the choice of products plays an important role. We often say that choice is greater than effort. What industry is better now and which products are popular in this industry. What is your position as a cross-border e-commerce friend, what industries are you going to engage in, what products are you going to choose in the industry, which country to be a cross-border e-commerce, etc., and how do we choose products that can connect with the market? After all, we sell our products by adding some prices and other costs to the purchase price from suppliers.

1) Positioning of the store:

No one can succeed casually in doing anything. Some people suddenly succeeded at a certain time, and they also got up on the basis of their previous efforts. For people who do cross-border e-commerce, it is necessary to sort out their own advantages, and what customer resources, product resources, and network resources are currently available. If you have accumulated in a certain industry before, you can start with this industry and choose the right products to do cross-border e-commerce. This involves the positioning of the store, which needs to be based on the target market, the needs of target customers and the personalized core competitiveness of operators. Positioning is the goal and foundation of everything we do. With this, we can extend it and dig deeper.

2) Demand analysis:

The store is positioned as a cross-border e-commerce industry, and then it needs to understand the market demand for this industry. The needs of different countries are different all over the world, so we need to combine the characteristics of the industry and the country, and the demand of customers in this country for the products of this industry. At present, which products in domestic industries can connect with them. Therefore, we need to analyze the demand of the target overseas market. Since it is an analysis, it needs to be combined with third-party data information. Only by establishing correct data can we get a strong proof. These data need to be obtained through industry associations, industry exhibitions and so on. In addition, we need to follow up regularly so that our products can better meet the needs of overseas target markets.

3) Identify hot-selling products through cross-border platforms:

The choice of products needs to be comprehensively considered through information from all sides. At present, our cross-border e-commerce platforms mainly include Amazon, AliExpress and wish. On these platforms, we can enter relevant keywords to determine the industry, and some popular search words will appear in the search box of the platform. Through these words, we will analyze them with third-party data tools, so as to draw a conclusion for reference.

4) Browse foreign industry websites to see products with popular styles:

On industry websites, there are some professional information, such as news information and product styles. These industry websites also provide content to attract consumers’ attention after analyzing local consumers. Therefore, when we choose products, we can look at the products of relevant industry websites in the target country as a reference for our cross-border e-commerce to choose products.

5) Understanding product requirements through social media:

Social media has gathered a large number of end customers, and its popularity is very strong, and it is closely related to our lives. Just look at WeChat in China. We can learn about users’ habits and interests by going to social media abroad and pay attention to the hot words in social media. Through social media, you can know the degree of preference of the selected industries and target markets for which product categories and styles. Common social media abroad include Facebook, Twiter and so on.

six) With the help of doing a good cross-border e-commerce business:

In any industry, there are businesses that do well, and we can learn from them. On the cross-border e-commerce platform, you can search for some top-ranked model stores through keywords. After entering the store, you can study the skills of product selection through the buyer page, and you can study the title, keywords, market positioning and market activity of the product. You can always pay attention to these stores, where to adjust, product characteristics, pricing and so on. When learning from a merchant’s store, we need to know how profitable the store’s products are, which will help our store to choose and price products.

7) Product classification and product line:

It is impossible for any shop to sell only a few products, so it is necessary to choose a suitable product classification and product line. In order to deliver goods to customers on time, cross-border e-commerce needs to do some inventory. However, for inventory control, different products have different requirements, because it involves the issue of capital flow. To do a good job in cross-border e-commerce, you must not do everything, sell whatever you see selling well, and have your own positioning. Reasonable collocation of drainage products, core profitable products and common products, and good correlation between products can attract potential target customers and increase customer adhesion. At the same time, it also helps to occupy the minds of consumers.

What products are suitable? For the choice of cross-border e-commerce products, we need to expand with positioning and build relevance instead of blindly expanding.

Wen | Zero One

"After eating steamed bread and pickles for many years, I suddenly felt a plate of braised pork."

This is a description of the new drama "Huanyan" by a Douban netizen. As a masterpiece of Tencent Video X Theater since The Long Season, Happy Face has assembled the top domestic actors such as Dong Zijian, Zhang Yi, Edward Zhang, Liao Fan, Tong Liya and Tian Yu. After it was broadcast on July 15th, it received rave reviews on platforms such as Zhihu and Douban, and audience comments such as "The role is strong" and "The unexpected node is full of reversals" all confirmed the high quality of the play.

There are only 18 episodes of Huan Yan, and many characters who have appeared have impressed the audience. If they are placed in other regular dramas, they may all be the soul figures throughout the whole drama. As a result, when the eighth episode was just broadcast, more than one important person quickly "appeared" and "went offline". The whole drama style is humorous and profound, which makes the audience laugh for a while and want to cry for a while.

The rapid development of the plot rhythm, the strange expression and the characterization style of Huan Yan can be said to be beyond the inertia psychology of most audiences. In the drama market since the summer vacation, if the topic and popularity are different, it is difficult to distinguish, but in terms of "differentiation", I am afraid that "Huanyan" is the most important.

Xu Tian, played by Dong Zijian, returned from Nanyang and entered the west of Fujian. The old grandson, played by Liao Fan, was entrusted by the organization task to escort Xu Tianhe’s gold bars to Shanghai. Since then, the "road to breaking through customs" has been opened.

Powerful actors competed to compete for the drama, and two complex, profound and charming figures, Lao Sun and Yu Yixiu, surprised four people and quickly "went offline", which laid a shocking and amazing opening for Huanyan.

Unexpected and impressive characters have been a major attraction since the opening of Huan Yan. In just a few episodes, Liao Fan vividly shows Lao Sun, an atypical hero, and the final interaction with Xu Tian is full of emotional tension. The strength of the film emperor is worthy of the name, which can be said to greatly add points to the texture of the whole drama; In addition to my old grandson, Yu Yixiu, played by Edward Zhang, stayed at home for several years, and her seemingly crazy image also exceeded the audience’s expectations, becoming the most popular role in barrage and comments in recent episodes.

What is even more rare is that the drama of the Republic of China is not a cutting-edge theme, but "Happy Face" has abruptly found a new way, which almost makes all the audience feel "unprecedented".

Road drama, the local forces in the Tulou stockade in Fujian during the Republic of China, the wild rule under the warlord regime, some idealism and love are all in it … The temperament presented in the first few episodes of Huan Yan is unique, which is completely different from the conventional type mode of domestic drama.

There are almost no male and female protagonists in the conventional sense in Huan Yan, but they relate the local customs and the various forces in that era through a narrative vein. Through highly legendary and unexpected story development and character design, Huan Yan presents an extremely fresh aesthetic temperament both in form and inside, which not only has a dangerous atmosphere like westerns and Longmen Inn, but also has a little black humor and plot connotation of Jiang Wen and Quentin’s style, and even some plots are quiet and poetic.

The story began in the troubled times in western Fujian, but the protagonists have been "on the road" all the time, and the world full of danger and chaos is slowly unfolding, and there is no lack of black humor and awe-inspiring character brought by fleshy characters. The highly unconventional characters appear on the stage and fall into unexpected endings, which makes Huan Yan like a legendary romantic road drama, and the theme is full of ideals and beliefs after careful consideration, with full stamina.

From the 15th to 19th, the popularity of "Happy Face" in Tencent video station continued to rise, and the reason was that the innovative expression gave the audience a strong motivation to follow the drama, and the freshness persisted.

This also makes the audience more interested in the development of the follow-up plot. The first three "fellow travelers" played by Liao Fan, Edward Zhang and Xiaoliang Wu appeared one after another, each of which was a charming characterization. As of the 9th episode, Zhang Jiayi played by Zhang Yi, Tao Tao played by Tian Yu, Dao Meilan played by Tong Liya and Yang Zhi played by Ren Min have not officially appeared. The new characters are full of clouds. Considering the huge differences and amazing performances of the previous characters, the new characters and stories are obviously worth looking forward to.

The biggest feature of the early stage of Huan Yan is that the leading group is constantly changing, "some people get on the bus and some get off."

From Lao Sun to Yu Yixiu and Yu Zhou, these people caught a glimpse of their scenes and images in the play, rushing into the sky like holiday fireworks and dazzling, but they bloomed in an instant and had a long aftertaste. This kind of characterization in Huan Yan is very literary, full of legendary and romantic temperament, and each has different meanings of the times.

For example, the old grandson played by Liao Fan has his own rise, fall and sublimation. When I came out, I was taciturn and firm-eyed, much like those heroes who were reassuring and invulnerable as soon as I came out. When the train was robbed, my performance was really eloquent, which seemed to coincide with this inertial thinking. However, since then, there have been successive failures in revealing wealth, cheating on gold bars, cheating on taking medicine and robbing pawn shops. The audience has gradually discovered that Lao Sun doesn’t have so many "leading role rings", and he is just a more sophisticated agent. He didn’t fight with one enemy and didn’t see through all the magical powers of the unknowns. This is the "high opening" and "returning to the truth" set by people.

However, with the task of Lao Sun gradually approaching a desperate situation, the glory of his ideals and beliefs has become more and more dazzling and intense. With his sacrifice reaching the highest point, he gradually sublimated into the spiritual idols of Xu Tian, Yu Yixiu and others in the play, became the symbolic father, the original righteous person and the leader of the whole play, and also hit the tears of a large number of audiences outside the play.

Yu Yixiu played by Edward Zhang is completely different. He is the hidden leader of Sanzhai in western Fujian, but he claims to be a "clay bodhisattva" and has been hiding in the house for several years. He is full of interest in the outside world, but all of them come from books and maps, and he is crazy when he speaks and acts. Because I admire my sacrifice and firm belief, I made a promise to give up my head status and go out for a long trip, but I didn’t expect to face the collapse of my spiritual world.

Yu Yixiu has extremely contradictory and complicated characteristics, which has a strong symbolic significance in the eyes of readers. He was an old squire with benevolence, righteousness, morality and idealism at that time, and faced with the collapse of warlords’ scuffles, rituals and music, he could only be out of place and helpless.

Yu Yixiu enjoyed the days of escaping from the cage and going out for a long trip, but found that everything in the world was contrary to his own courtesy. Going out of the house to pursue a down-to-earth road, and then having to face all the failures of naivety, rules and morality, not only can I do nothing for a warlord like Assistant Guo, but I can only be beaten even when I face Hu Man. No one listens to the truth, and the authority can’t beat me, but I can’t beat me again. In the end, I can only hope that I can practice my promises and faithfulness through illusory gambling.

As the main narrative line, Xu Tian is just like a blank sheet of paper. The first shot of the whole film is the flying back of a crane, and Xu Tian also appeared in white, which is a metaphor of camera language. Although Xu Tian has an ideal and a high sense of morality and justice, he is also a bit confused and can’t fully understand his own direction and goals.

Until the death of his comrade, more and more blood was stained on his body, his white clothes became dirtier and dirtier, and his fiancee became a symbol of good hope, which together constituted the process of his growth and maturity after this struggle, as well as the real landing, clear and firm process of his ideas and beliefs.

The brushwork of characterization in Huan Yan is not limited to the main characters. For example, Lao Qi, as a leading figure in Sanzhai’s handling of foreign affairs, is not only a running dog who colludes with local warlords to seize the people, but also a burden-bearer who maintains Sanzhai’s Xanadu life; For example, Peng Ju appeared in just two episodes, which brought countless smiles and tears to the audience. Even Hu Man, a gambler who is "importunate" and forgets the righteousness, finally has a complex human performance when his conscience is discovered. The reason why the previous episodes have attracted many viewers’ heartfelt recommendation is that almost all the supporting characters are very three-dimensional.

If the plot and rhythm of "Huanyan" are the main sources of freshness, then the plump group of characters is the main reason for the sense of quality. Taking every character seriously and shaping it has laid the foundation for the overall quality, height and thickness of Huanyan.

When Tencent Video opened the X Theater in April this year with "The Long Season", many viewers didn’t understand what the concept and characteristics of this theater were. Fortunately, the work is always the best interpretation-"The Long Season" has become the best-known drama series since 2023 with the momentum of opening high and exploding, and the Douban score is as high as 9.4. The surging praise has made this drama strong and "sealed the gods", which also laid the brand foundation of X Theater with high quality, high reputation, stylization and innovative expression, as well as a very high starting point.

Successfully let the audience experience the content that has never been seen in domestic dramas, which is also the fundamental reason why The Long Season can gain a historical reputation. On the basis of advanced aesthetics in his previous works, Director Xin Shuang has achieved self-transcendence in editing, score and plot expression. The story has a heavy feeling across the times, and the audience seems to have experienced many people’s lives in just twelve episodes.

The opening ceremony of "The Long Season" not only brought the public’s expectation and attention like the tide, but also meant pressure. In the public’s mind, X Theater should have a sense of quality and cutting-edge temperament, well-made, distinctive and fresh, and have the courage to truly stand at the forefront of Chinese drama. The appearance of "Happy Face" proves that X Theater is not just suspense.

The "X" of X Theater is that it is unlimited and full of possibilities to realize "one drama and one format". Various types and styles of personalized works are bold "adventures" by the platform and creators again and again, and ultimately only to bring more novel content and fresher experience to the audience.

Although The Long Season and Happy Face have completely different types and expressions, the same thing is that they are deeply rooted in human nature, ideals and characteristics of the times, and they have profound connotations under the avant-garde artistic expression forms, which will be the common content background of X Theater.

After the broadcast of "Happy Face", X Theater can be regarded as "stable". What is mentioned most in the public opinion feedback of the play is the uniqueness and rarity of temperament. From the concept of legendary romantic road drama, super-first-line cast, to the perfection of specific details, Happy Face has achieved what X theater works should look like-exquisite, fresh, profound and interesting. With the climax of the plot, Zhang Yi and other new characters are about to appear one after another, and the subsequent development and word-of-mouth performance of Huan Yan are still worth our expectation.

* Original article, please indicate the source when reprinting.

In previous years, at the Shanghai International Film Festival, many fans always asked, "That man’s bag is really beautiful. Where can I sell it?" In fact, fans only ask about the bags attached to the registered media and guests with the official field magazine and guest handbook, which can not help but trigger a new thinking: can the public buy the derivatives of Shanghai International Film Festival? Where can I buy it? What can I buy?

Rebuilding SIFF brand vision

Faced with this problem, Tong Ying, deputy general manager of Shanghai International Film and Television Festival Center, revealed that the idea of making official derivatives took shape as early as the end of last year. "We believe that the Shanghai International Film Festival has gone through 22 sessions since its development, and it has achieved certain influence at home and abroad. What is particularly precious is that we have formed a group of loyal fans and fans. It is timely to launch a series of derivatives with distinctive attributes of Shanghai International Film Festival at this time. "

In order to better design a series of derivatives, we decided to create a brand-new visual image, so the main visual SIFF logo came into being. SIFF logo is based on the initials of Shanghai International Film Festival, and it integrates film elements related to movies, reflecting the brand industry attributes. On the perceptual level, from the perspective of industry tonality and adaptation to the crowd, we are committed to embodying the temperament of international fashion, and at the same time there is no lack of personalized design of humanistic life.

Daily expression of art and design

In March this year, the Shanghai International Film Festival released the poster of this year’s film festival. This poster with the theme of "Everything is created behind the scenes" was created by the poster designer Huang Hai appointed by the Shanghai Film Festival. The main visual inspiration came from the film "Make a scene in Heaven" produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio. Once the poster was published, its image and the meaning behind it were highly concerned and evaluated by the majority of fans and the industry. Many fans even left messages on Weibo and WeChat WeChat official account, the official website of Shanghai Film Festival, saying that they wanted to own such a poster. It was precisely because of the voices of fans that the organizing committee of Shanghai Film Festival took advantage of the situation and launched a series of poster derivatives.

Poster-themed derivatives were developed by a professional design team organized by the Shanghai International Film and Television Festival Center. "The main design elements and concepts are consistent with the main vision of the poster designed by the Yellow Sea; The selection of several categories of derivatives is mainly considered. First, the commonly used models, and second, these products can most completely reflect the picture of poster design without too much deformation. Huang Hai himself also likes these products very much. " The final product has not only brilliant design, but also extraordinary texture. For example, the notebook in the series only adopts the gold hoop element, uses the cover of artificial leather imported from Italy, and is designed with gold edges on three sides, which is extraordinary in all aspects and portable in size, and is a good helper to record inspiration with you.

In addition, SIFF series, which is designed with SIFF logo as the center, involves all aspects of daily-use cultural creation, combines coolness with film art, and introduces trendy products such as T-shirts, canvas bags, PVC bags, mugs, baseball caps, badges and writing tools, which are highly sought after by the younger generation. Among them, the PVC bag is made of classic black and white with fashionable PVC material, with intimate inner bag design, which is different inside and outside, reasonable distribution of bag space, orderly, simple and powerful as a whole, and is the crowning touch of summer tide.

The surprise of this derivative is also the joint series with Zhou Dongyu’s personal IP Dong Duck. The little yellow duck in MengMeng is somewhat similar to Zhou Dongyu, and with the cool SIFF logo, it reveals a little contrast. Not much to say, Zhou Dongyu fans come quickly ~

Online convenience offline experience

In order to let more audiences feel the exquisite quality of derivatives and buy them nearby, Shanghai International Film Festival launched offline sales. On June 8, the newly unveiled flagship store of Shanghai Studios took the lead in opening the door to welcome guests. The two series of product exhibition areas, with bright colors and avant-garde and cool design, not only have a sense of design, but also give consideration to practical functions, bringing viewers an immersive shopping experience.

For example, this film festival collection poster is intimately matched with a poster tube with a "golden hoop", which is both artistic and collectible. Think about it, this year’s film festival will show a restored version of "Make a scene in Heaven", and bring a "golden hoop" home after the movie, and after a few days, you can recall the happy and warm mood after watching the film. This may be the initial intention of the organizing Committee to make derivatives.

If it is inconvenient to arrive at the scene to participate in the film festival, don’t regret it. As early as the beginning of May, the official derivatives of Shanghai International Film Festival have been pre-sold online, and some fans can’t wait to buy them early, becoming the first batch of "early birds". After the products were launched, the sales situation far exceeded the expectations of the organizing Committee. At present, online stores have launched poster series, SIFF series, SIFF×DONGDUCK joint series and other products, and you can wait for the receipt with one click. If you don’t have it yet, you might as well take away the beauty of this film and the beauty of design at this moment ~

[Editor: ZYW]

Original BSC China biophysics society

Author | Wang Huabin Yang Zhongbo Chen Ligang

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There is a frequency between infrared and microwave in the electromagnetic spectrum ranging from 0.1 THz to 10 THz (1 THz= 1×10⊃1; ⊃2; Hz) electromagnetic wave, called terahertz wave (THz, Figure 1), with a wavelength of 30 μm to 3 mm, is an invisible light wave.

With the rapid development of modern science and technology, terahertz waves have gradually entered people’s field of vision and life. For example, terahertz waves are used in 6G communication. Interestingly, terahertz waves are used in many fields, especially in biomedicine. Biological molecules and water molecules have characteristic absorption in terahertz wave band, and biological samples can be imaged and detected by terahertz wave technology [1-2]. Different from the common biological fluorescence imaging technology, in terahertz biological imaging technology, there is no need to label the sample (such as introducing dye molecules or fluorescent groups) and pretreat it (such as embedding or dehydration), and terahertz photons do little damage to biological samples [3-5]. Terahertz biological imaging has attracted more and more attention of scientists because of its advantages of no marking, no damage and safety, and it has become a new "eye", which is expected to bring new technological revolution to precision medicine. Next, let’s take a look at three different terahertz biological imaging technologies from the perspective of spatial resolution.

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Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the position of terahertz wave in the electromagnetic spectrum.

Sub-millimeter resolution terahertz biological imaging technology

Focusing the terahertz beam emitted from the Emitter on the surface of the sample, and then using the Detector to receive the terahertz light transmitted through or reflected from the surface of the sample, the terahertz imaging of the sample can be realized (Figure 2). This terahertz imaging technology belongs to the traditional far-field detection technology. Due to the limitation of optical diffraction limit, the spatial resolution is generally sub-millimeter, so it is mainly used for biological tissue detection. Using this technology, it is convenient to image and detect diseased biological tissues, such as melanoma tissues (Figure 3).

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of submillimeter resolution terahertz imaging technology.

Fig. 3. THz imaging detection of biological tissue [6]. Optical image of mouse skin melanoma tissue (left) and terahertz images at different frequencies. The green circle shows melanoma, and the others are normal tissues.

Microresolution terahertz biological imaging technology

People soon discovered the shortcomings of traditional terahertz imaging technology in resolution, so they developed a new high-resolution terahertz imaging technology [7]. This technology mainly uses a miniature photoconductive antenna detector to detect terahertz waves passing through the sample within a range of several microns from the surface of the sample. Because the distance between the detector and the sample is less than half a wavelength of terahertz wave, the detection belongs to near-field optical technology, which can overcome the limitation of optical diffraction limit and realize micron-scale resolution detection (Figure 4). Using this technology, the researchers monitored the dehydration process of cells by imaging (Figure 5), and they could clearly observe the volume shrinkage of cells and the changes of internal substance concentration during dehydration (arrow).

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of micron resolution terahertz imaging.

Fig. 5. Terahertz image of cells during dehydration [7].

Nano-resolution terahertz biological imaging technology

Although micron-resolution terahertz imaging technology can carry out biological detection at the cellular level, it cannot carry out imaging research with higher spatial resolution requirements. For example, imaging biomolecules requires terahertz imaging technology with nanometer resolution. In order to solve this problem, scientists combined terahertz technology with scanning nano-probe imaging technology and invented terahertz imaging technology with nano-resolution. In this technology, the terahertz beam is irradiated on the end of the metallic nano-probe, and the terahertz beam is focused to the nanometer scale, thus achieving the purpose of spatial resolution at the nanometer level. On this basis, by analyzing the detected reflected terahertz light, the nano-resolution terahertz imaging of the sample can be finally realized (Figure 6). Using this technology, the researchers successfully realized the terahertz imaging detection of a single protein molecule and obtained its terahertz spectral information (Figure 7).

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of nano-resolution terahertz imaging.

Fig. 7. Near-field terahertz detection of ferritin molecules [8]. (a) Morphology image of atomic force microscope; (b) terahertz images; (c) Height profile (along the blue line in figure (a)); (d) Terahertz frequency domain signals of ferritin molecules and graphene substrates.

Prospect and prospect

Terahertz biological imaging technology is a new frontier cross technology, which can be used to carry out detection and research at three different levels: tissue, cell and biomacromolecule, so it is expected to play an important role in biomedical field. We need to note that the development and application of terahertz biological imaging technology depends on the development of terahertz sources, terahertz detectors and data analysis to a great extent, so the full play of the role and function of this "eye" requires the joint efforts of many disciplines.

references

[1] Yang X, Zhao X, Yang K, et al. Biomedical applications of terahertz spectroscopy and imaging. Trends in Biotechnology 2016, 34(10): 810-824.

[2] Mittleman DM. Twenty years of terahertz imaging invited. Optics Express 2018, 26(8): 9417-9431.

[3] Zhang XC, Shkurinov A, Zhang Y. Extreme terahertz science. Nature Photonics 2017, 11(1): 16-18.

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Brief introduction of the author

Wang Huabin is a researcher at Chongqing Institute of Green Intelligent Technology, China Academy of Sciences, and a member of terahertz biophysics branch of China biophysics society. Main research interests: development and application of terahertz spectroscopy and imaging system.

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Yang Zhongbo, assistant researcher of Chongqing Institute of Green Intelligent Technology, China Academy of Sciences, member of terahertz biophysics branch of China biophysics society. Main research direction: terahertz super-resolution biological imaging detection research.

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Chen Ligang, assistant researcher of Chongqing Institute of Green Intelligent Technology, China Academy of Sciences, member of terahertz biophysics branch of China biophysics society. Main research direction: terahertz super-resolution biological imaging detection research.

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Original title: THz Imaging, a New Eye of Biological Detection [Frontier Science Popularization]

Read the original text

Regulations of Guangzhou Municipality on the Promotion of Digital Economy (adopted at the 62nd meeting of the Standing Committee of the 15th Guangzhou Municipal People’s Congress on December 31, 2021 and approved at the 41st meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th Guangdong Provincial People’s Congress on March 29, 2022) Announcement of the Standing Committee of the 16th Guangzhou Municipal People’s Congress (No.1) The 62nd meeting of the Standing Committee of the 15th Guangzhou Municipal People’s Congress was held in December 2021. The Regulations of Guangzhou Municipality on the Promotion of Digital Economy, which was adopted on March 31st, was approved by the 41st meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th Guangdong Provincial People’s Congress on March 29th, 2022. It is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of June 1st, 2022. Decision of the Standing Committee of Guangzhou Municipal People’s Congress on April 6, 2022 by the Standing Committee of Guangdong Provincial People’s Congress on Approving the Regulations of Guangzhou Municipality on Promoting Digital Economy (adopted at the 41st meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th Guangdong Provincial People’s Congress on March 29, 2022) The 41st meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th Guangdong Provincial People’s Congress reviewed the "Guangzhou Digital" submitted for approval by the Standing Committee of Guangzhou Municipal People’s Congress. Economic Promotion Ordinance, which does not conflict with the Constitution, laws, administrative regulations and local regulations of this province, was decided to be approved and promulgated by the Standing Committee of Guangzhou Municipal People’s Congress. Chapter I General Provisions Article 1 In order to promote the development of digital economy, promote the deep integration of digital technology and real economy, and accelerate the digital transformation of cities,To achieve high-quality economic and social development and build a leading city with global influence in digital economy, these Regulations are formulated in accordance with relevant laws and regulations and in light of the actual situation of this Municipality. Article 2 These Regulations shall apply to related activities to promote the development of digital economy within the administrative area of this Municipality. Article 3 The development of digital economy should follow the principles of innovation-driven, data empowerment, system coordination, openness and integration, green and low carbon, inclusive sharing, focusing on industries, application-oriented, inclusive and prudent, and safe development. Article 4 The development of digital economy should focus on digital industrialization and industrial digitalization, promote the construction of digital infrastructure, realize the value of data resources, improve the digital level of urban governance, create a good development environment, and build a full-factor development system of digital economy. Digital industrialization mainly promotes the development of digital product manufacturing industry, digital product service industry, digital technology application industry and digital factor driving industry. Industrial digitalization mainly promotes the development of industrial digitalization, construction digitalization, service digitalization and agricultural digitalization. Article 5 The municipal and district people’s governments shall strengthen the promotion of digital economy, establish a leadership overall coordination mechanism, establish an expert advisory committee on digital economy, formulate and implement policies and work measures to promote the development of digital economy, and coordinate and solve major problems in development. The Municipal People’s Government shall report the development of digital economy in this Municipality in accordance with the requirements of the supervision work of the Standing Committee of the Municipal People’s Congress. Article 6 The municipal competent department of industry and information technology is responsible for promoting, coordinating and supervising the development of digital economy in the whole city.And organize the implementation of these regulations. Municipal development and reform, science and technology, government service data management, market supervision, statistics and other departments should do a good job in the development of digital economy in accordance with the division of responsibilities. The relevant departments of the District People’s Government shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, do a good job in the development of digital economy within their respective administrative areas. Article 7 The competent department of industry and information technology shall, jointly with the departments of development and reform, planning, natural resources, science and technology, government service data management, etc., formulate the development plan of digital economy in their respective administrative areas according to the national economic and social development plan and the overall plan of land and space, and report it to the people’s government at the same level for approval before implementation. The development plan of digital economy should implement the arrangement and deployment of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s relevant plans in this field, and be connected with the overall planning of land and space, other special plans, and peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutral action plans. Article 8 The municipal and district people’s governments shall promote the construction of Guangzhou Experimental Zone for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy, optimize the functional layout of each zone, support the innovation of policies and systems related to digital economy in the experimental zone, build a demonstration zone for high-quality development of digital economy, radiate and drive the innovative development of digital economy in the city, and create a good ecology of digital economy. Article 9 This Municipality actively integrates into the global digital economy system, strengthens exchanges and cooperation with countries and regions along the Belt and Road and other international cooperation platforms in the field of digital economy, promotes the coordinated development of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s digital economy, and builds an open system of digital economy.　　Article 10 This Municipality encourages and supports enterprises, institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions, academic groups, industry associations, industry alliances, foundations, new think tanks and other organizations and individuals to participate in digital economy development activities. Chapter II Digital Industrialization Article 11 The municipal and district people’s governments, departments of science and technology, industry and information technology, and industrial park management institutions shall cooperate with universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises to improve the digital technology innovation system and promote key digital technology breakthroughs in the following fields: (1) Integrated circuits, core components and components, new generation semiconductors, key equipment materials, basic software, basic algorithms, core algorithms, industrial software and other basic fields; (2) Frontier technical fields such as Internet, next-generation mobile communication, artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things, blockchain, digital twinning, high-performance computing, edge computing, virtual reality, augmented reality, quantum information, satellite navigation, and brain-like intelligence; (3) Other key core technical fields. For major key projects in the field of digital economy involving national interests and social public interests, the Municipal People’s Government can organize key core technology research by issuing mandatory tasks. Support universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises to implement cross-border integration of digital technology with biotechnology, materials technology, engineering technology and other technical fields, encourage the establishment of innovative consortia such as digital technology open source communities, and promote collaborative innovation.　　Article 12 The municipal and district people’s governments, departments of science and technology, industry and informatization, development and reform, and industrial park management institutions shall promote the construction of scientific and technological innovation platforms such as laboratories, technological innovation centers, new research and development institutions, engineering research centers, and scientific and technological business incubators in the fields of artificial intelligence and digital economy. Municipal departments of science and technology, industry and informatization, education, market supervision and other departments should support the digital transformation of scientific research and development and knowledge production, build a shareable service platform for large scientific data sets and knowledge maps, promote the digitalization of the whole process of scientific research and development such as design, experiment, analysis, inspection, patent application and achievement transformation, and explore new modes of scientific innovation and knowledge production under digital conditions. Article 13 The municipal and district people’s governments shall support the theoretical research on the development of digital economy, encourage scientific research institutions, industry associations, industry alliances and enterprises to participate in the formulation of international rules, international standards, national standards, industry standards and local standards of digital economy, and independently formulate enterprise standards and group standards of digital economy. The municipal and district people’s governments and market supervision departments shall support the development of digital technology-related inspection and certification institutions and standard test and verification platforms, and improve the functions of digital technology and equipment inspection and verification, standard formulation, technical training and consulting services. Article 14 The municipal and district people’s governments, departments of science and technology, industry and informatization, development and reform, and industrial park management institutions shall promote the innovation and development of artificial intelligence industry as a whole, and promote the application of artificial intelligence in the fields of economy, society and urban governance.Construct an artificial intelligence industrial chain with the coordinated development of data, algorithms and computing power. Municipal departments of science and technology, industry and informatization, market supervision and other departments should promote the construction of artificial intelligence algorithm innovation institutions and algorithm platform systems, encourage and support institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions, enterprises and other organizations to carry out algorithm basic research and algorithm technology innovation, establish an algorithm application transformation system, build a shared algorithm library for various applications, build an international algorithm open source platform and open source community, participate in the formulation of algorithm standards and evaluation systems, and explore the system of chief arithmetic master. Article 15 The municipal and district people’s governments, the departments of development and reform, industry and information technology, science and technology, and the management institutions of industrial parks shall make overall plans to promote the innovation and development of the semiconductor and integrated circuit industries, foster and expand the industrial chain of chip design, manufacturing, packaging and testing, equipment and application, promote the development of electronic components industries such as new generation semiconductors and smart sensors, and support the construction of high-quality projects and industrial clusters of semiconductors and integrated circuits. Article 16 The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of industry, information technology, science and technology should promote the innovative development of intelligent equipment and robot industry as a whole, support the development of high-end CNC machine tools, additive manufacturing equipment, robots, precision instruments, intelligent vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable intelligent equipment, intelligent medical equipment, financial electronic equipment, intelligent lighting and other industries, promote the intelligent transformation of manufacturing equipment, production lines, workshops and factories, and cultivate and expand marine engineering, aerospace and intelligent unmanned aerial vehicles.　　Article 17 The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of industry, information technology, science and technology should promote the innovation and development of ultra-high definition video and new display industry as a whole, cultivate and expand the whole industrial chain of front-end acquisition, content production, coding and decoding, transmission and storage, terminal presentation and industrial application, give play to the role of the national new display technology innovation center, and build an industrial development cluster. Article 18 The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of industry, informatization, science and technology should promote the innovative development of software and information service industry as a whole, cultivate and expand the industrial chains of basic software, industrial software, emerging platform software, industrial application software, Internet service, geographic remote sensing information, surveying and mapping geographic information service, data security service, etc., promote the iteration and open source of software and information service products, support the construction of high-level software characteristic parks, and build the industrial ecology of basic software and hardware with independent innovation. Article 19 The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of industry and information technology should promote the innovation and development of the new generation communication industry as a whole, strengthen the research and development and industrialization of communication chips, base stations, antennas, terminals, key devices, manufacturing processes and key materials, support enterprises to expand the innovative application of the new generation communication technology in the economic and social fields, and cultivate the quantum information industry. Article 20 The municipal and district people’s governments and departments of culture, radio, film and television tourism, press and publication, industry and informatization, science and technology, commerce, etc. shall promote the innovation and development of digital creative industries as a whole, and cultivate and expand industrial chains such as digital music, animation games, digital audio-visual, digital film and television, digital publishing, interactive new media, online literature and creative design services.Promote the cross-border integration of digital creative industries with manufacturing, education, culture, commerce, tourism and health, promote the development of digital creative equipment manufacturing, support the construction of various characteristic digital creative industrial parks, and encourage the exploration of new digital creative modes and formats such as creative workshops, creative markets and creative cloud platforms. Article 21 The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of development and reform, industry and informatization, commerce, market supervision, etc. shall promote the innovative development of platform economy and sharing economy as a whole, support enterprises to build Internet platforms such as production services, life services, scientific and technological innovation and public services, promote platform enterprises to establish data opening mechanisms, and encourage the exploration of new organizational models of sharing economy such as sharing equipment, workshops, factories, scientific and technological resources, logistics and travel. Market supervision, public security organs and other departments shall, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, urge platform operators to establish and improve management systems, trading rules and supervision rules, improve service agreements, and fulfill their responsibilities such as quality assurance of goods and services, protection of rights and interests of platform employees and consumers, data security and protection of personal information according to law. Relevant industry organizations shall formulate basic rules for platform operation according to laws, regulations and policies, guide Internet platform operators in the industry to establish and improve platform management rules and systems, and promote the ecological opening and interconnection of platforms.Chapter III Digitalization of Industry Article 22 The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of industry and information technology should promote the digital transformation of traditional advantageous manufacturing industries such as automobiles, electronic information, biomedicine, rail transit, ships and offshore equipment, new energy and energy conservation and environmental protection, new materials and fine chemicals, clothing, home, beauty cosmetics, food and beverage, and other industrial fields, encourage the innovation of industrial production mode and organization mode, improve the total factor productivity, and realize industrial digitalization, networking and intelligence. Article 23 The municipal and district people’s governments and the competent departments of industry and information technology shall promote the construction of industrial Internet infrastructure, transform and upgrade the internal and external networks of industrial Internet, and promote the construction of the national top node (Guangzhou) for logo analysis and the Guangdong Branch of National Industrial Internet Big Data; Support the construction of cross-industry cross-disciplinary and characteristic professional industrial Internet platforms, and improve the industrial Internet security system. Article 24 The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of science and technology, industry and information technology should encourage the innovation of intelligent manufacturing technology, support key core common technologies such as design simulation, off-line programming, mixed modeling, intelligent perception, high-performance control, man-machine cooperation and lean management and control, promote the development of advanced technology such as additive manufacturing, ultra-precision machining and green manufacturing, speed up the breakthrough of system integration technology at the levels of manufacturing carrier, industrial supply chain and whole manufacturing process, and promote the design of key core digital technologies.　　Article 25 The municipal and district people’s governments and the competent departments of industry and informatization shall promote the popularization and application of industrial Internet, promote the digital, networked, intelligent and green technological transformation of industrial enterprises, and support the application of cloud computing and platform resources in industrial equipment and business systems. The municipal and district people’s governments and the competent departments of industry and information technology should cultivate new modes and formats of intelligent manufacturing such as intelligent production, networked collaboration, personalized customization, service extension and digital management, promote the construction of flexible production lines, intelligent workshops, intelligent factories and intelligent supply chains, and cultivate intelligent manufacturing demonstration factories. Article 26 The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of industry and information technology, state-owned assets supervision and administration should promote large enterprises to play a leading role in demonstration, cultivate digital transformation service providers for enterprises, promote comprehensive digitalization of key business links, and drive the digital transformation of upstream and downstream small and medium-sized enterprises in industrial clusters. Industry, information technology, commerce and other departments should cooperate with platform operators, industry alliances, industry associations, industrial park management institutions, etc. to establish a digital transformation service system for small and medium-sized enterprises, and provide consulting, training, scheme design, evaluation, inspection, financing docking and other services related to digital transformation, so as to reduce the cost of digital transformation for small and medium-sized enterprises. Twenty-seventh industry and information technology, development and reform, science and technology and other departments should promote the digital development of industrial design, promote the sharing of industrial design resources, industrial design space open sharing, and form a sound industrial design service system; Support the development of computer-aided design, intelligent design,Popularize and apply industrial design software. Twenty-eighth municipal and district people’s governments and relevant departments should promote the construction of digital infrastructure and data sharing in the smart park as a whole, and improve the level of intelligent services such as public services, industrial agglomeration, talent services and innovation collaboration in the park; Support the construction of an integrated intelligent park management platform with full perception; Encourage smart park system development service providers, industry associations and other organizations to establish smart park construction and management standards. The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of industry and information technology should promote the digital transformation of industrial clusters, promote the industrial clusters to realize the connection of all factors, the whole industrial chain and the whole value chain by using the industrial Internet, promote the establishment of industrial consortia by industrial digital transformation service providers, affiliated enterprises and industrial funds, develop and promote the digital transformation solutions of industrial clusters, and promote the integrated and coordinated development of industrial clusters. Chapter IV Digitalization of Construction Industry Article 29 The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of housing and urban construction, science and technology, industry and informatization, transportation, water affairs, forestry and gardens should encourage scientific and technological innovation of digital buildings, support innovation and application of intelligent building equipment, construction robots, building networking and integrated construction platforms, and promote the research and development and application of core technologies such as process manufacturing of building parts and components, new sensing and sensing, and engineering quality inspection and monitoring. Thirtieth housing and urban construction, industry and information technology, transportation, water affairs, market supervision, forestry and gardens and other departments should promote the coordinated development of intelligent construction and building industrialization.Promote the integrated application of digital technologies such as building information model in the whole process of building survey, design, construction, operation and maintenance, management and so on; Develop the industrialization of new buildings such as prefabricated buildings, and promote the establishment of an industrialized, intelligent and green production system based on standard parts and components. Article 31 Departments of housing and urban construction, transportation, water affairs, forestry and gardens should promote the digital transformation of construction enterprises, cultivate digital construction service providers, support qualified enterprises to build Internet platforms for the construction industry, and explore data sharing mechanisms in the fields of building parts and materials supply. Thirty-second housing and urban construction, transportation, water, forestry, gardens and other departments should encourage the construction units to implement the digital site management model. Encourage construction units to build and apply a digital site management platform, and make full use of digital technology to realize the intelligence of the whole construction process. Article 33 The departments of housing and urban construction, planning and natural resources shall promote the digital transformation of the supervision system for examination and approval of construction projects, and establish working mechanisms such as construction application and approval, construction drawing design review, completion acceptance filing, and project file management based on building information model technology. The building information model consistent with the statutory engineering technical drawings can be used for the examination and approval of engineering construction projects and supervised together with the statutory engineering technical drawings. The approved building information model should be gathered on the urban information model platform to realize data integration and linkage.Chapter V Digitalization of Service Industry Article 34 The commercial department shall co-ordinate with the departments of development and reform, industry and informatization, transportation and local financial supervision to promote the digital transformation of the professional market, encourage professional market operation service providers and merchants to apply digital technology to improve their operation and management capabilities, cultivate professional market digital transformation service providers, and support the establishment of collaborative innovation organizations for digital transformation of professional markets. Promote the deep integration of professional markets with industrial Internet, smart supply chain, digital marketing, digital finance and other channel resources, promote the interconnection between demand side and supply side and upstream and downstream industries, and use digital technology to strengthen the brand effect of professional markets and commodities. Article 35 The commercial department shall, jointly with the departments of market supervision, industry and informatization, promote the digital transformation of traditional businesses such as retail, supermarkets and business districts, foster and expand new formats of e-commerce, support the development of digital marketing formats such as digital advertising, promote the digital promotion of traditional local brands and time-honored brands, promote the construction of digital service export bases, and promote the digital transformation of life service industries such as hotels, farmers’ markets, housekeeping, maintenance and leisure services. Article 36 The commerce department shall co-ordinate with the departments of transportation, local financial supervision, port and airport commission to promote the development of cross-border e-commerce, encourage cross-border e-commerce operators to apply digital technology to innovate service models, cultivate integrated cross-border e-commerce service providers, support cross-border e-commerce related enterprises to participate in the national digital "Belt and Road" plan, and promote the connection of cross-border e-commerce systems with digital systems such as customs, finance, taxation, ports and comprehensive bonded areas.Promote the construction of a comprehensive pilot zone for cross-border e-commerce. Article 37 The commercial department shall coordinate with the departments of industry and information technology, transportation, local financial supervision, culture, radio, film and television tourism to promote the digital transformation of the exhibition industry, support exhibition operators and exhibitors to innovate online exhibition service models, cultivate digital exhibition service providers, promote the integration of online and offline exhibition services, and promote the coordinated development of the exhibition industry with cross-border e-commerce, professional markets, digital marketing, smart supply chains and smart travel platforms. Thirty-eighth municipal and district people’s governments and local financial supervision departments should promote the digital transformation and upgrading of the financial industry, promote the construction of digital financial technology innovation platform, and build a financial technology industry cluster; Develop new financial formats such as digital inclusive finance, supply chain finance, and green finance, promote the docking of corporate credit information and financing platforms, and improve the system of small and medium-sized enterprises that accurately serve digital finance; Promote the application of digital RMB in accordance with national regulations; Explore financial innovation services such as pledge financing, insurance, guarantee and securitization of data assets. The municipal and district people’s governments and local financial supervision departments should improve the financial service system and risk protection mechanism of the digital economy, broaden the financing channels of the main players in the digital economy market, support the listing of qualified enterprises in the digital economy field, and expand cross-border cooperation in financial services. Article 39 The municipal and district people’s governments, development and reform, transportation, commerce, postal administration, port and airport committees and other units shall promote the digital transformation of the urban and rural logistics system, and promote the digitalization of logistics elements such as goods, vehicles, boats, planes and stations;Support the digital transformation of logistics enterprises, build a comprehensive digital platform for logistics, and improve the intelligent level of supply chain management services; Support the popularization and application of digital technology and intelligent terminal equipment in logistics parks and storage facilities; Improve urban and rural community logistics distribution centers and intelligent terminal distribution facilities. The municipal and district people’s governments, the commercial, port and airport committees and other units should promote the digitalization of international logistics, support the construction of smart ports, improve the functions of Guangzhou’s international trade single window platform system, and promote the construction of intelligent customs clearance systems such as smart bayonet and paperless customs declaration; Support related enterprises to participate in the construction and docking of international railway transportation, maritime transportation and other logistics digital platforms. Fortieth education departments should build a public service platform for smart education, promote the construction of smart campuses and smart classrooms, promote the co-construction, sharing, opening and circulation of educational data and digital teaching resources, and strengthen the digital construction of education in rural areas, remote areas and counterpart support areas. The education department should promote the popularization of artificial intelligence education, standardize and develop online education, and promote mixed teaching combining online and offline. To protect students’ eyesight and physical and mental health, the teaching time using electronic products shall not exceed the relevant provisions of the state. Encourage social forces to invest and participate in the digital construction and service of education. Encourage schools to provide venues and enterprises to invest in construction and operation, and cultivate new formats and modes of wisdom education. Forty-first municipal, district people’s governments and health, medical security, market supervision and other departments should support the digital transformation of medical and health institutions and promote smart medical convenience services;Promote the integration of smart medical care in medical institutions above the second level, primary medical and health institutions and contracted family doctors; Optimize the construction of the national health information platform system, improve the level of mutual recognition of medical and health information, and improve the standard system of health medical information; Promote the application of digital technology in medical inspection and testing, clinical diagnosis-aided decision-making, telemedicine, personal health management, public health incident prevention and control, intelligent hospital management, health supervision and law enforcement, disease prevention and intervention, etc. Develop new models such as Internet hospitals, Internet medical examinations and Internet pharmacies. Forty-second cultural radio, film and television tourism departments shall, jointly with relevant departments, establish a database of urban historical and cultural projects, promote the digital transformation of museums, libraries, art galleries, cultural centers and other cultural venues, and encourage the digital transformation and development of cultural resources. Culture, radio, film and television tourism departments should support the construction of smart tourism scenic spots, encourage the development of digital tourism products, provide smart tourism services, cultivate new modes of network experience and consumption such as cloud tourism, and promote the integrated development of tourism online and offline. Sports departments should promote the construction of digital national fitness system, promote the digital transformation of stadiums and facilities management, and improve the digital service system of training events and citizen fitness. Article 43 The municipal and district people’s governments and departments of civil affairs, health, industry and information technology should support the development of smart and healthy old-age care and disability assistance industries, promote the digital transformation of old-age care and disability assistance service institutions, and build a digital platform for old-age care and disability assistance public services.Explore the establishment of a new model of the integration of government, service agencies and home communities to meet the multi-level and diversified health care needs of families and individuals. Transportation, health, civil affairs, sports, culture, radio, film and television tourism and other departments should adhere to the combination of intelligent innovation and traditional services, guide social forces to pay attention to the information needs of the elderly and the disabled, expand the supply of aging digital technology and intelligent products, and meet the basic needs of the elderly and the disabled in using digital technology in high-frequency services such as travel, medical treatment, consumption, culture and sports, while retaining the traditional service methods familiar to the elderly and the disabled. Transportation, health, civil affairs and other departments should strengthen the information service guarantee of the elderly and the disabled in the state of emergency response, and provide emergency rescue measures combining online and offline. Forty-fourth departments of commerce, market supervision, industry and information technology should promote the innovative application of digital technology in the catering industry and promote the development of digital catering; Support the development of food traceability supply chain data sharing services, support the construction of catering industry internet platform, and promote the construction of intelligent information management systems and numerical control cooking facilities. The market supervision department shall establish a digital food safety supervision system for catering units, and joint education departments shall implement online monitoring for key places such as school canteens. Human resources, social security, culture, radio, film and television tourism and other departments should encourage the digital training of Cantonese cuisine masters and the dissemination of regional catering culture to enhance the influence of Guangzhou catering industry.　　Article 45 The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant departments shall support the digital transformation of legal services, accounting, auditing, human resources, consulting, evaluation, scientific and technological services, inspection, testing and certification, encourage professional service enterprises to connect with institutions such as digital technology innovation platforms and big data centers, foster new service models, and promote the integrated development of professional services with intelligent manufacturing, intelligent construction and digital agriculture. Chapter VI Digitalization of Agriculture Article 46 The municipal and district people’s governments, agriculture, rural areas, science and technology departments should encourage technological innovation of digital agriculture, and support technological breakthroughs and achievements transformation such as intelligent analysis and decision-making of agricultural information, remote sensing monitoring, geographic information, automatic operation of agricultural machinery, rapid analysis and detection of agricultural product quality and safety, and cold chain logistics; Building a smart agricultural cloud platform and an agricultural big data platform; Strengthen the innovation and application of agricultural robots, drones and other technologies and equipment, and include digital agricultural equipment in the scope of subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery in this city. Article 47 The municipal, district people’s governments and agricultural and rural departments should rely on the national big data platform for seed industry to build an intelligent service platform for seed industry, promote the interconnection and data sharing of modern breeding elements such as germplasm resources, scientific research platforms, breeding and production bases, seed industry enterprises and large seed users, accelerate the application of digital technology in the research and development, protection and trading of local germplasm resources such as flowers, vegetables, tropical fruits and aquatic products, and strengthen the digital traceability management of seed industry. Forty-eighth municipal and district people’s governments and agricultural and rural departments should support the application of digital agricultural technology in planting;Support the construction of smart farms, digital gardens and smart agricultural parks, develop intelligent workshop agriculture, promote the integrated application of intelligent technology and equipment in agricultural planting, and promote the intelligent management of planting production and operation. Article 49 The municipal and district people’s governments and agricultural and rural departments shall promote the digital transformation of livestock and aquatic products with local characteristics and advantages, speed up the research and development and application of digital technologies and equipment such as breeding management, environmental control, accurate feeding, disease prevention and control, remote diagnosis, waste treatment and quality traceability, and build a digital aquaculture production, sales, management and service system. Fiftieth agricultural and rural areas, commerce, market supervision and other departments should support the digital transformation of supporting facilities in the field of agricultural products processing and circulation, and promote the application of agricultural Internet of Things; Promote the construction of big data platform for agricultural products and digital trading platform for agricultural products, and accelerate the digital transformation of agricultural products market; Develop new agricultural formats and models such as customized agriculture, cloud farm and smart leisure agriculture, support the development of rural e-commerce, and promote the integrated development of online and offline channels of agricultural products. Article 51 The municipal and district people’s governments and agricultural and rural departments shall cultivate and promote the development of digital agricultural enterprises and third-party service providers, explore the integrated application and industrialization mode of digital agricultural technology, popularize the standardized application of digital agricultural technology standards, and promote the construction of modern agricultural industrial parks. Article 52 The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of network information, agriculture and rural areas, industry and informatization should adhere to the urban-rural integration planning and construction of digital infrastructure.Strengthen the construction of information and communication network facilities such as rural broadband communication network, mobile internet, digital TV network and next generation internet; Improve the supply of information terminals and services, and build a comprehensive information service system for agriculture and rural areas; Promote the digitalization of rural governance such as public safety, public management and public services; Strengthen farmers’ digital literacy training, improve farmers’ digital breeding and management skills, and enhance farmers’ awareness of network security protection. Chapter VII Digital Infrastructure Article 53 The construction, design and other relevant units of newly built, rebuilt and expanded construction projects shall, in accordance with relevant standards and norms, realize synchronous planning, synchronous design, synchronous construction and synchronous acceptance of the infrastructure construction of information and communication networks and radio and television networks with the main project. City industry and information technology, communication management and other departments should promote the construction of communication network infrastructure. Operators of basic telecommunications and radio and television services shall plan and construct base stations, networks, indoor distribution systems, multifunctional intelligent towers and gathering rooms. Power supply enterprises should do a good job in the capacity reservation and construction of supporting power facilities for information communication and radio and television networks, and ensure the power supply of communication base stations and radio and television facilities. The construction unit shall reserve and open the site location, space, electricity, transmission and other resources required for information communication and radio and television network infrastructure. Construction units, owners’ units, property service enterprises, etc. shall provide equal access and use conditions for telecom and radio and television business operators to use supporting information communication and radio and television network infrastructure within the red line of construction planning land.No organization or individual may charge entrance fees, access fees, coordination fees, sharing fees and other fees, and may not set unreasonable conditions. Article 54 The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant departments shall promote the construction of the Internet of Things system, plan and manage all kinds of sensing terminals in the city as a whole, promote the construction and application of intelligent sensing systems in the fields of infrastructure, urban governance, transportation and logistics, manufacturing, marketing services and life services, promote the intelligent digital transformation of water, electricity, gas and heat meters, and promote the interconnection and data sharing of various sensing systems. The municipal competent department of industry and information technology shall formulate unified technical specifications and standards for the construction of vehicle networking, and make overall plans for the construction of the city’s vehicle networking cloud control basic platform. Departments of transportation, housing and urban-rural construction, industry and information technology should combine the needs of intelligent networked vehicles, promote the construction of roadside equipment for vehicle networking, and promote the digital transformation of road infrastructure and traffic signs. The municipal and district people’s governments and the departments of industry and information technology, transportation and other departments shall encourage and support enterprises to carry out road tests of intelligent networked vehicles, and explore the application demonstration and commercial operation pilot of intelligent networked vehicles in different regions. Article 55 Departments of science and technology, industry and informatization, government service data management, development and reform should establish a multi-regulation system and mechanism for cross-industry technical infrastructure, make overall plans to promote the construction of new technical infrastructure such as the Internet, artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things and blockchain, support the construction of basic platforms such as the underlying technical platform, and establish a general technical capability support system;Promote the research and construction of future network infrastructure such as a new generation of mobile communication network, quantum information, Beidou satellite navigation and satellite Internet. Article 56 The municipal competent department of industry and information technology shall, jointly with the municipal planning, natural resources, housing and urban and rural construction departments, formulate plans for the construction of storage and computing infrastructure, and build a collaborative, efficient, green and energy-saving computing center system. Municipal and District People’s governments and departments of industry and information technology, development and reform should promote the construction of storage and computing infrastructure such as data centers, supercomputing centers, intelligent computing centers and edge computing nodes; Layout of new computing systems such as superconducting computing, quantum computing, brain like computing, biological computing and optical computing; Encourage multiple subjects to participate in the construction of storage and computing infrastructure, and open computing resources for the application scenarios of the digital economy; Explore the establishment of a computing power trading platform and market to promote the efficient use and optimal allocation of computing power resources. The municipal competent department of industry and information technology should promote the formulation of evaluation system and evaluation criteria for the application efficiency-oriented computing center, and strengthen evaluation and monitoring. Article 57 The municipal and district people’s governments, transportation, public security organs and other departments shall promote the construction of intelligent transportation system as a whole, promote the integrated development of intelligent transportation infrastructure, transportation services, energy and communication networks, build transportation information infrastructure and comprehensive transportation information hub, and promote the digitalization of all elements of urban road transportation system.　　The Municipal People’s Government and relevant departments shall promote the digital transformation of roads, railways, urban rail transit, waterway transportation, aviation and other transportation fields, strengthen the collection, processing, release, exchange, analysis and utilization of all traffic factor information, promote the digitalization of the whole process of traffic management, transportation, public travel and other traffic construction management, and improve the operational efficiency and management level of the traffic system. The Municipal People’s Government and relevant departments shall promote the construction of intelligent transportation infrastructure such as intelligent airports, intelligent ports, digital waterways, intelligent tracks and intelligent stations, support the development of intelligent vehicles such as intelligent networked cars, self-driving ships and manned unmanned aerial vehicles, and encourage and standardize the development of customized public transportation, shared cars, intelligent parking and intelligent public transportation services; Promote the construction of intelligent traffic lights, intelligent parking and intelligent road systems. Article 58 The departments of development and reform, industry and informatization, comprehensive law enforcement of urban management, transportation and other departments should make overall plans to promote the construction of smart energy system, promote the efficient use of energy by digitalization, help achieve the goals of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality, and support energy enterprises and users to carry out the following smart energy construction activities: (1) Intelligent construction and transformation of power plants, gas stations, gas filling stations, hydrogen filling stations, and the construction of solar distributed photovoltaic power generation and street lamps with complementary scenery; (two) the intelligent system configuration of enterprises such as power grid, distribution and gas pipeline network, and the intelligent construction and transformation of power grid and gas pipeline network; (3) Users such as electric power, heat, cooling power, gas, etc. or third-party institutions configure smart terminal equipment on the load side; (4)Third-party organizations carry out regional smart energy comprehensive services in the load side center; (five) the construction of power supply, power grid, load side energy storage facilities and smart communication; (six) the construction of major energy enterprises, key energy users and regional smart energy management information systems. Article 59 The municipal eco-environment department shall, jointly with relevant departments, co-ordinate the construction of the city’s eco-environment monitoring network, rationally arrange facilities and equipment for eco-environment quality monitoring and pollution source monitoring, build an eco-environment data resource center and a digital platform for eco-environment monitoring public services and comprehensive decision-making, and promote the research, development and application of automatic monitoring, analysis and evaluation, forecasting and early warning, data management and other aspects of eco-environment quality and pollution sources. Production and business units such as key pollutant discharge units shall install, use, operate and maintain online monitoring equipment and treatment facilities in accordance with relevant regulations, network with the ecological and environmental departments, and voluntarily disclose monitoring information according to law; Encourage other sewage units to install and use online monitoring equipment and actively disclose information. Ecological management institutions in nature reserves and other areas shall monitor the ecological environment in their respective areas, encourage the use of real-time monitoring technology, and disclose monitoring information according to law. Sixtieth municipal, district people’s governments and housing and urban-rural construction departments should make overall plans to build and improve the comprehensive management information system of underground municipal infrastructure.Underground pipelines, underground tunnels, underground public parking lots, civil air defense works and other underground municipal infrastructure management departments, industry departments and ownership units shall establish an information sharing and exchange mechanism through the underground municipal infrastructure integrated management information system, and timely collect and update relevant data. The underground municipal infrastructure construction unit shall timely input the underground municipal infrastructure information into the underground municipal infrastructure comprehensive management information system to ensure the accuracy of the underground municipal infrastructure information. Sixty-first forestry and garden departments should promote the digital transformation of green infrastructure, build a data collection, update and sharing system for forests, green spaces, wetlands and greenways, and improve the dynamic monitoring and control capabilities; Build a digital management system for urban trees, establish digital files of trees, and disclose tree information to the society to improve the scientific management level of tree planting, management, migration and replacement; Construction of digital flower city, digital flower Expo, digital forestry garden science popularization and other operating platforms; Applying digital technology to expand the channels of public participation in urban greening decision-making and supervision. The forestry garden department should promote the digital transformation of forestry garden industry, promote the digitalization of forestry garden scientific research, germplasm resources, planning and design, processing, circulation, exhibition, training and other industrial chains, and cultivate and expand forestry garden digital enterprises. Article 62 The municipal and district people’s governments and water affairs departments shall promote the construction of smart water services, improve information management systems such as water resources development and utilization, urban and rural water supply and water conservation, and accelerate the digital construction and transformation of water supply facilities; Build an integrated information platform for water affairs,Realize the digital management of water supply, drainage, rivers and water conservancy. Water supply units shall establish an intelligent water supply management system. High water consumption industries and key water monitoring units should carry out digital transformation of water use systems. Chapter VIII Data Resources Article 63 The municipal, district people’s governments and government service data management departments shall strengthen the overall planning and overall coordination of data management, establish and improve the data governance system and mechanism of departmental collaboration, urban linkage and government-enterprise cooperation, and explore and implement chief data officer and other data management innovation systems. Article 64 The Municipal People’s Government shall build a city big data platform to realize unified, intensive, safe and efficient management of the city’s public data resources. The people’s governments of all districts shall, in accordance with the unified planning and construction of big data platforms in all districts of the city, incorporate public data resources into the unified management of big data platforms in cities. The public data of this Municipality shall be managed in a unified catalogue, and the departments responsible for data collection shall be defined according to the principle of one data and one source. Public management and service institutions shall carry out data collection and aggregation according to the functional data list, promote data return, strengthen data quality control, and ensure the authenticity, accuracy, integrity, timeliness and availability of data. The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant departments shall, in accordance with the data classification and classification management system, determine the specific catalogue of important data in the local area, the department and related industries and fields, and focus on the protection of the data included in the catalogue.　　Sixty-fifth public management and service institutions shall establish a list of data sharing responsibilities according to three types: unconditional sharing, conditional sharing and non-sharing. Public data obtained by public management and service institutions through sharing shall be used for the performance of their duties, and shall not be provided to third parties or used for other purposes beyond the scope of their functions and powers. Public data that can be obtained through data sharing or verification shall not be collected or provided repeatedly by public management and service institutions. Public management and service institutions shall establish public data open list and dynamic adjustment mechanism, and open data based on the unified public data open platform of the whole city. Public data that are prohibited by laws, regulations and rules concerning national security, commercial secrets and personal information shall be included in the negative list of public data opening. Specific measures for the sharing and opening of public data shall be formulated separately by the Municipal People’s Government. Article 66 The Municipal People’s Government and relevant departments shall promote the market-oriented allocation reform of data elements, improve the production, circulation and application mechanisms of data elements, and build a service system for the circulation and operation of data elements resources; Explore the establishment of data trading platforms, places, data admission standards, data broker management and other supporting systems; Encourage enterprises to develop third-party big data services. Municipal People’s government and government service data management, statistics and other departments should explore the data asset management system, establish data asset evaluation, registration, protection, dispute adjudication and statistics systems, and promote the whole process management of data asset voucher generation, storage, collection, circulation and application.　　Municipal People’s government and government service data management departments should explore the public data authorization operation mechanism, support the use of new technologies such as blockchain and multi-party secure computing to promote the orderly circulation of public data in scenarios such as trusted authentication and sensitive data security application. Article 67 Data processors shall follow the principle of safety and controllability in data processing, establish a data security management system, implement the responsibility of data security protection, and protect state secrets, business secrets, personal information and privacy according to law. Market entities shall not use data analysis to treat the counterparties with the same trading conditions differently. Chapter IX Digitalization of Urban Governance Article 68 The municipal and district people’s governments shall establish a coordination mechanism between digital government and smart cities, make overall plans to promote major tasks and key projects in the construction of smart cities, and solve major problems across departments, industries and fields. Article 69 The municipal and district people’s governments shall build a digital urban governance platform, carry out urban operation monitoring and analysis, coordinated command and dispatch, and coordinated disposal, and apply digital technology to promote the innovation of urban governance means, governance models and governance concepts, so as to realize scientific, refined and intelligent urban operation and governance. The municipal government service data management department shall co-ordinate the construction of the urban operation management center, formulate relevant standards and norms, improve the functions of digital infrastructure, data collection, resource integration and application scenarios, and promote the construction of urban operation digital sign system. Public management and service institutions should organize data collection and sorting to realize the docking with the urban operation management center.Real-time monitoring of the operation status of related business areas, analysis and judgment, circulation and disposal of urban operation events, and feedback of disposal results. Encourage social organizations, enterprises and the public to participate in the application scenario design of urban operation management center. Article 70 The departments of city planning and natural resources should build and improve the basic information platform of the city’s land space and the big data platform of smart cities in time and space, improve the digital expression ability of different levels of spatial elements such as regions, cities, districts, blocks, buildings, and build a smart planning system with full perception, full cycle, all elements and full openness. If the relevant departments need to use basic geographic information data when developing business application information systems, they should carry out design based on the spatio-temporal big data platform of smart cities to ensure the unification of spatio-temporal benchmarks. The municipal housing and urban-rural construction department should build an urban information model platform, build a basic database of urban construction covering all elements of the above-ground and underground, indoor and outdoor, present and future three-dimensional space, and explore the construction of digital twin cities. Article 71 The municipal government service data management department shall promote the comprehensive application of digital technology in the field of government services, build an integrated government service platform and a mobile government service platform, and promote the online and offline integration of government affairs and public service matters, so as to realize the whole process of online office, local office and cross-domain office. The electronic data retained in the application of the government blockchain platform can be used as the basis and filing materials for handling government service matters. The service systems of service enterprises and the masses built by relevant departments should implement digital applications such as electronic licenses, electronic seals and electronic signatures.And access to the city’s integrated government service platform. The relevant departments to extend to the streets, villages for government services, should open online channels, unified access to mobile government service platform. Encourage public management and service institutions, enterprises, institutions and social organizations to widely use electronic licenses and electronic seal services in economic and social activities. Seventy-second market supervision departments should build an integrated market supervision and management platform, implement the whole process of starting enterprises electronically, improve the mutual recognition system of enterprise information sharing, and explore the registration methods of market participants in the new digital economy. Market supervision departments should use digital technology to implement credit risk classification supervision of enterprises, guide market participants in the digital economy to operate according to law and compete fairly, increase supervision over acts such as engaging in unfair competition activities, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of market participants and consumers. The market supervision department shall establish a quality and safety traceability mechanism of government-enterprise cooperation, strengthen the digital supervision of special equipment and its inspection institutions, and encourage food, medicine, medical equipment and other production and operation enterprises to realize the digital transformation of quality control system. Article 73 The Municipal People’s Government and relevant departments shall co-ordinate the construction of a digital law enforcement supervision and management platform, strengthen the docking and integration of the law enforcement supervision and management platform with other related business systems, and realize the cross-departmental and cross-level sharing and application of online supervision and management data such as video data and administrative law enforcement information resources. The Municipal People’s Government and relevant departments shall co-ordinate the construction of a platform for handling administrative law enforcement cases and promote the online handling of administrative law enforcement matters in the whole process.Form a network of case approval and electronic files. Law enforcement departments, town people’s governments and street offices should be equipped with mobile law enforcement equipment, and adopt video intelligent analysis, remote sensing monitoring, drone inspections and other law enforcement means to increase the application of digital technology in administrative law enforcement. Seventy-fourth network information, public security organs, industry and information technology departments should strengthen the supervision and protection of network security of key units such as digital infrastructure and high-tech enterprises in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Public security organs should crack down on illegal and criminal activities such as illegally absorbing public deposits, infringing citizens’ personal information, fund-raising fraud, telecom fraud, and destroying computer information systems by using information networks according to law. Public security organs, procuratorates, courts, judicial administration and other units should promote the construction of a platform for handling big data cases across departments of politics and law, and realize the coordination of case data sharing and online business handling, standardization and transparency, full-time marking and full-time supervision. Public security organs should promote digital applications such as trusted identity authentication and electronic certificates in government services, and create a full-coverage, multi-channel and three-dimensional online public security government service system. Article 75 The municipal, district people’s governments and emergency management departments shall build a comprehensive platform for emergency management, a digital system for safety production with the functions of risk perception, monitoring and early warning, response and disposal, and a digital management system covering the whole chain business of emergency management before, during and after the incident. The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant departments shall build an emergency response system for public health emergencies,Give play to the technical functions of big data, cloud computing and mobile communication, and provide data support for public health emergency monitoring, pathogen traceability and close contact management of patients, suspected patients and patients with infectious diseases. According to the needs of emergency work, personal health status inquiry service can be provided. City, District People’s governments and emergency management departments should build a digital system for social mobilization emergency, and promote data connectivity of emergency resources, digital emergency signs and visualization of emergency resources. The emergency management department shall, jointly with the power supply, communication, finance, meteorology and other departments, explore the establishment of a rapid recovery mechanism for urban power supply, communication, data center and finance under extreme disaster conditions, carry out digital simulation of extreme disasters and response, improve the relevant disaster recovery facilities system, and ensure the normal operation of smart city systems. Article 76 The human resources, social security and civil affairs departments shall build a social security information platform, expand the application of social security digital services, promote the intelligent identification and certification of social insurance benefits, promote the application of electronic social security cards in the field of people’s livelihood services, and apply digital technology to improve the level of social work services such as charity, rescue, welfare and voluntary services. The medical security department should support the development of new service modes such as Internet medical care, and actively promote the application of electronic certificate and mobile payment in medical institutions. Article 77 The municipal and district people’s governments shall make overall plans to promote the construction of digital infrastructure, system platforms and application terminals in smart communities, and promote the digitalization of community functions such as government affairs, commerce, services and housework.Strengthen the collaboration between the community grid governance platform and the smart community systems, and encourage residents, industry committees, neighborhood committees and service providers to participate in the construction and management of smart communities. The municipal and district people’s governments shall promote the integration of data resources and standardized management of grass-roots matters, strengthen the construction of grass-roots governance databases, implement comprehensive collection of grass-roots data, realize one-time collection and multi-use and reduce repeated data collection. Chapter X Development Environment Article 78 The municipal and district people’s governments shall arrange funds to support the development of digital economy in their fiscal budgets at the corresponding levels, establish a mechanism for increasing financial input, and implement preferential tax policies in the field of digital economy according to law. Development and reform, science and technology, industry and information technology departments should arrange funds to support the development of digital economy. State-owned assets supervision, finance and other departments should make full use of state-owned assets and resources to invest in the construction and development of digital economy in this city, and make overall plans to promote state-owned enterprises and institutions to actively participate in the construction of digital infrastructure, digital technology innovation, the development of core industries of digital economy, the digital transformation of enterprises and the creation of business environment of digital economy. The municipal and district people’s governments should promote the market-oriented allocation of industrial land in the digital economy, and improve the land market supply system such as renting first and then letting, combining leasing and letting, and flexible year-round transfer; Explore the land use model that is suitable for the development characteristics of the digital economy, and give priority to ensuring the demand for land and housing for digital economy start-ups; Establish and publish the city’s digital economy industry distribution map, and guide the intensive, agglomeration and cluster development of digital economy industries.　　Article 79 The municipal, district people’s governments and relevant departments shall increase the training and introduction of leading talents and teams, high-end talents and talents in urgent need of shortage in the digital economy, and give policy support in household, housing, medical care and children’s education. Encourage institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions and vocational schools to set up related majors in the field of digital economy, and promote school-enterprise cooperation to train talents; Support the establishment of public training bases for digital skills and strengthen on-the-job training. The municipal, district people’s governments and relevant departments shall encourage enterprises, social organizations and other institutions to formulate standards for talent evaluation, support high-level talents in the field of digital economy to declare special government allowances and other national and provincial key talent projects, and give rewards or project financial support to qualified high-end talents. Human resources and social security departments should promote the digital transformation of talent management and human resources service industry, support the development and utilization of talent data resources, and explore the digitalization of industrial chains such as talent resource planning, recruitment and introduction, use and development, training and assessment. Article 80 The municipal and district people’s governments and human resources and social security departments shall promote the construction of a protection mechanism for employees’ rights and interests that adapts to the characteristics of new formats and new models, and explore the establishment of a social security system that adapts to cross-platform and multi-employer flexible employment. City, District People’s governments and human resources and social security departments should guide digital economy enterprises to improve labor security measures for flexible employees, protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees, and strengthen guidance on employment services for employees in the digital economy and labor security supervision for digital economy enterprises.　　Article 81 Intellectual property management, judicial administration, people’s courts and other units should support the cultivation and development of intellectual property trading markets related to the digital economy, strengthen the protection of technology patents, digital copyrights, software copyrights, digital trademarks, trade secrets, algorithms and digital content, and establish and improve digital intellectual property protection rules, credit reporting, rapid rights protection and multiple dispute resolution systems. The intellectual property management department should explore the establishment of an intellectual property management system that adapts to the characteristics of the digital economy and strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights in the digital economy; Strengthen the comprehensive administrative enforcement of intellectual property rights in the digital economy and crack down on intellectual property rights infringement in the digital economy according to law. Intellectual property management departments should support international cooperation in intellectual property rights in the field of digital economy, strengthen the comprehensive management of cross-border infringement, and enhance the overseas distribution of intellectual property rights of enterprises and other organizations and their overseas rights protection capabilities. Article 82 The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant departments shall establish an open mechanism for digital economy application scenarios, regularly publish a list of requirements for digital economy application scenarios, and openly solicit application scenario solutions; Coordinate the construction of a digital economy application scenario experience system to promote innovative applications in the field of government affairs; Support enterprises to build exhibition centers and online virtual exhibition halls, encourage enterprises and industry organizations to carry out experience activities such as digital technology industry competitions and exhibitions, and publicize and promote digital technology innovative products to the society. The Municipal People’s Government shall compile a catalogue of innovative products of digital technology, and promote the first and first demonstration applications of innovative products.According to the law, the first purchase system for government procurement of digital technology innovative products, equipment and services will be implemented. The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant departments shall encourage schools and scientific research institutions to carry out the popularization education of digital economy knowledge, support social organizations, enterprises and institutions to strengthen the training of employees’ digital economy knowledge and skills, and improve the digital literacy of the whole people. Article 83 The municipal network information department shall coordinate the public security organs, government service data management and other departments to improve the network security infrastructure, build a comprehensive network security supervision platform, carry out network security information collection, analysis and notification, and uniformly release network security monitoring and early warning information in accordance with regulations; Establish a network security emergency response center to provide technical support and assistance for emergency handling of network security incidents and recovery of network functions. The departments of network information, industry and informatization, public security organs, etc. shall encourage key industries, key enterprises and social organizations to build vulnerability databases, virus databases and other network security basic resource databases to promote information sharing among relevant subjects. Article 84 The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant departments shall promote the formulation of technical and data security standards for litigation platforms, promote the data integration between government agencies and judicial organs, and promote the sharing and coordination of resources between courts and between courts and other institutions. The municipal judicial administrative department shall build a digital platform for public legal services, implement systems such as video interviews, legal aid, judicial expertise, online notarization, and electronic legal documents, and develop public legal service products such as intelligent legal consultation and smart company compliance review.Construct a full-service, all-time legal service network; Promote the construction of a diversified information platform for resolving contradictions and disputes, and use digital technology to conduct pre-litigation diversion, mediation, judicial confirmation, arbitration and other affairs online. The Municipal Intermediate People’s Court shall, jointly with Guangzhou Internet Court, Guangzhou Intellectual Property Court and Guangzhou Maritime Court, build a digital platform for comprehensive litigation services in Guangzhou, and promote the application of digital technologies such as blockchain smart contracts and electronic delivery. Guangzhou Arbitration Commission should build a digital platform for arbitration services, improve the online settlement mechanism of cross-border commercial disputes between enterprises, popularize the recommended standards for Internet arbitration, and explore a new online arbitration mode for Internet arbitration cases. Eighty-fifth Municipal People’s Government shall promote the coordinated development of digital economy in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, strengthen the convergence of digital economy rules and mechanisms in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and promote the coordinated development of digital industry clusters. The Municipal People’s Government and the departments of science and technology, industry and information technology should promote the co-construction and sharing of artificial intelligence and digital economy innovation platforms, and participate in the digital economy construction of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao Science and Technology Innovation Corridor; Promote the interconnection of digital infrastructure such as Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao supercomputing centers, data centers and communication networks, and promote the safe and orderly circulation of data across borders. Article 86 The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant departments shall exercise inclusive and prudent supervision over innovative activities such as new industries, new formats and new models in the field of digital economy within the scope permitted by laws and regulations. The municipal judicial administrative department is responsible for coordinating the formulation of the list of minor illegal and illegal business operations in the digital economy, which are exempted from administrative punishment and administrative coercion.The relevant departments of the city shall, in accordance with the law, formulate a list of minor illegal and illegal business practices in the digital economy market of this department that are exempted from administrative punishment and administrative enforcement. For emerging digital technologies and industries that are in the research and development stage, lack mature standards or are not fully adapted to the existing regulatory system for the time being, certain tolerance and trial-and-error space should be reserved, and they should not be simply prohibited or not regulated. Encourage and support individuals, enterprises, industry associations and related organizations to participate in digital economy governance activities, and establish a collaborative digital economy governance mechanism. Article 87 If the relevant departments of the municipal and district people’s governments and their staff violate the provisions of these regulations and fail to perform their duties according to law, the competent authorities shall order them to make corrections, give informed criticism to the departments, and deal with the directly responsible personnel in charge and other directly responsible personnel according to law; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law. Chapter XI Supplementary Provisions Article 88 The meanings of the following terms in these Regulations: (1) Digital economy refers to a series of economic activities with data resources as key production factors, modern information networks as important carriers, and the effective use of digital technology as an important driving force for improving efficiency and optimizing economic structure; (2) Digital technology refers to various technologies formed around the generation, transmission, storage, calculation and application of data. At present, it mainly includes technologies such as Internet, new generation mobile communication, artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things, blockchain, virtual reality, digital twinning, high-performance computing, intelligent control and quantum technology. (3) data,Refers to any recording of information by electronic or other means; (four) public management and service institutions, refers to the city’s state organs, laws and regulations authorized by the organization with public affairs management and public service functions; (5) Public data refers to data resources obtained or produced by public management and service institutions in the process of performing their duties and providing public services according to law, as well as other data resources included in public data management according to laws and regulations. Article 89 These Regulations shall come into force as of June 1, 2022.

Recently, the semi-annual report of A-share listed companies accelerated disclosure, and the data of the top ten tradable shareholders revealed the whereabouts of the institutions.

Straight flush data shows that there are currently 134 stocks in the social security fund. In terms of the trend of position adjustment, in the second quarter of 2025, the social security fund added 31 shares, increased its holdings by 37 shares and reduced its holdings by 36 shares, and the social security fund’s shareholding remained unchanged by 30 shares. A total of 2.22 billion shares were held, with a total market value of 38.58 billion yuan.

According to Shen Wan’s first-class classification, by the end of the second quarter, the market value of social security fund’s positions in basic chemicals, medicine, biology and electronics ranked in the top three, which were 6.31 billion yuan, 5.56 billion yuan and 4.28 billion yuan respectively. In addition, the positions in power equipment, automobiles, mechanical equipment and non-ferrous metals industries also exceeded 2 billion yuan.

The market value of basic chemical positions is the highest

As of August 20th, Chunfeng Power was the largest stock held by the Social Security Fund, with a total holding amount of 9.931 million shares as high as 2.15 billion yuan by the end of the second quarter. There are three social security funds stationed in it, namely, the basic endowment insurance fund 16022 portfolio, the basic endowment insurance fund 16032 portfolio and the national social security fund 402 portfolio, among which the national social security fund 402 portfolio was newly added in the second quarter of this year, and the three funds held 6.038 million shares, 1.914 million shares and 1.979 million shares respectively, ranking the third, ninth and eighth largest tradable shareholders of Chunfeng Power.

It should be noted that the share price of Chunfeng Power reached 295.94 yuan/share on August 15th, a record high, with an increase of 83.53% during the year, and the three social security funds earned a lot of money.

According to the 2025 semi-annual report disclosed by Chunfeng Power, the performance during the period achieved double growth in revenue and net profit. The data shows that the company achieved operating income of 9.855 billion yuan in the first half of the year, a year-on-year increase of 30.90%; The net profit of returning to the mother was 1.002 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 41.35%.

Judging from the number of social security funds clustered together, Changshu Bank, Huafeng Aluminum and Kaixin New Materials all have four social security funds stationed in them, and all three stocks were added by social security funds in the second quarter, adding 23.797 million shares, 9.607 million shares and 408,000 shares respectively.

In terms of shareholding ratio, social security funds account for the highest proportion of shares outstanding in Lanxiao Technology. The basic endowment insurance fund 16022 portfolio and the national social security fund 114 portfolio hold 20.8 million shares and 4.95 million shares respectively, accounting for 8.4% of the total shares outstanding in Lanxiao Technology.

In addition, the proportion of social security funds in the circulation of Wuxi banks is also high, reaching 8.38%.

Among the new shares, the fruit-wheat culture holds the largest proportion of social security funds, and the national social security fund 503 portfolio newly entered 3.2 million shares, involving funds of 92.096 million yuan. Followed by the catalyst, the social security fund shares accounted for 3.45% of the outstanding shares, ranking second. Once again, Beiding shares, the shareholding ratio of social security fund is 3.16%. In addition, the social security fund also has the highest shareholding ratio, such as Soviet test, Xinqianglian, and Yuandong Bio.

In terms of performance, among the new shares of the social security fund, there are 29 companies whose net profit increased year-on-year in the semi-annual report, among which Xinqianglian is the best. The company achieved a total net profit of 399,614,800 yuan in the semi-annual report, up by 496.60% year-on-year. Other companies with the highest year-on-year increase in net profit include FeiRong Da and Tapai Group.

Judging from the positions in the industry sector, among the 134 social security fund positions, according to the first-class classification of Shen Wan, the market value of social security fund positions in the basic chemical industry, pharmaceutical biology and electronics ranks in the top three, which are 6.31 billion yuan, 5.56 billion yuan and 4.28 billion yuan respectively. In addition, the positions in power equipment, automobiles, mechanical equipment and non-ferrous metals industries all exceed 2 billion yuan.

The social security fund’s preference for the chemical industry is not unrelated to the recent positive performance of the industry. The data shows that the basic chemical industry index has increased by 11.51% since July. According to the analysis of Industrial Securities, the current chemical industry is in the bottom area. With the stabilization and recovery of the domestic and international economies and the optimization of the supply side, the prosperity of the industry is expected to rebound.

The annualized rate of return of social security funds exceeds 7%

Social security fund has always been a "sharpshooter" in the investment field, and its investment style is steady, so it has always been known as "smart money". Since its establishment 24 years ago, the average annual return on investment of social security fund has reached 7.36%, and its scale has grown by leaps and bounds, killing a number of professional investment institutions and becoming the "YYDS" of the investment community.

Judging from the position structure of social security fund in recent two years, its thinking is mainly "two-pronged". First, pay attention to the fact that the industry valuation is at an absolute low level, and the pessimistic expectation of performance has been fully reflected. Next, the performance is expected to usher in a recovery and reverse the industry, which is mainly used as a bottom position. Second, we prefer the growth track that is currently in a high boom cycle and is strongly supported by national policies and has long-term growth logic.

In the second quarter, the social security fund also lightened some stocks, involving 36 stocks. Among them, Shenhuo shares reduced its holdings by 31.041 million shares, involving 627 million yuan. In addition, the reductions of siyuan electric and Shanjin International are also obvious. Judging from the trend of such stocks, or because of profit-taking. "Value investment is not holding still, but pursuing an absolute cost performance. In the short term, it will increase greatly. If it is profitable, it needs to be profit-taking. If the value has been in a depression, it can continue to buy." A person in charge of private placement in South China told reporters.

The national social security fund mainly comes from financial allocation, state-owned capital transfer, lottery public welfare fund, etc., and its source is long-term and stable, and it is a typical long-term fund. By the end of 2024, the size of the national social security fund was about 3 trillion yuan.

The national social security fund has long been firmly optimistic about the value of A-share investment, which is a model of long-term investment and value investment in the capital market. The relevant person in charge of the National Social Security Fund Council has repeatedly stated that the National Social Security Fund Council has always adhered to long-term investment, so that the fund investment focuses on sharing the long-term benefits of national economic growth and the fruits of the healthy development of the capital market, and always maintains strategic strength in the short-term fluctuations of the market.

It is understood that the social security fund has repeatedly seized the opportunity to add positions in the A-share market. Li Xunlei, chief economist of Zhongtai International, said that social security funds are different from ordinary medium and long-term funds, and the allocation ratio of equity assets is usually high, which is the main reason why the long-term investment return rate of social security funds can continue to be ahead of other medium and long-term funds.

Although the investment income of social security fund is excellent, as an ordinary investor, it can’t completely "copy homework". Liu Youhua, research director of Paipai.com, suggested that the social security fund positions should be treated rationally. First, the social security fund income comes from the portfolio, not a single stock. The social security fund positions are scattered, and the investment is a portfolio of stocks. The single stock has little impact on the overall income of the social security fund; Secondly, the investment style of social security fund is not suitable for all investors, and the investment cycle of social security fund is long. In the choice of investment target, it tends to buy companies that can continuously create value at reasonable prices for long-term holding, and will not care about the stock price fluctuation during the period when the company’s fundamentals have not changed significantly; Third, the news of social security fund positions has a certain lag, so it is impossible to keep completely synchronized with the social security fund. However, it is undeniable that social security funds have strong pricing ability and research ability in the A-share market, and most of their positions are companies with excellent fundamental texture.

The State Council Press Office held a press conference at 10 am on Friday, October 13th, 2023, and invited Lu Daliang, spokesperson of the General Administration of Customs and director of the Statistics and Analysis Department, to introduce the import and export situation in the first three quarters of 2023 and answer questions from reporters.

The picture shows the press conference. (photo by Liu Jian)

Shou Xiaoli, deputy director and spokesperson of the State Council Information Office:

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! Welcome to the press conference of the State Council Information Office. Today, we have a routine release of economic data. We are very pleased to invite Mr. Lu Daliang, spokesman of the General Administration of Customs and director of the Statistics and Analysis Department, and ask him to introduce the import and export situation in the first three quarters of 2023 and answer your questions of interest.

Next, we first invite Mr. Lu Daliang to make an introduction.

Lu Daliang, spokesperson of the General Administration of Customs and director of the Statistical Analysis Department:

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, journalists and friends! Welcome to today’s press conference. Nice to meet you again. I’ll first report on China’s import and export situation in the first three quarters of this year, and then answer your questions of interest.

The picture shows Lu Daliang, spokesperson of the General Administration of Customs and director of the Statistical Analysis Department. (photo by Xu Xiang)

In the first three quarters of this year, in the face of the complicated and severe external environment and multiple domestic difficulties and challenges, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, China adhered to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, the overall economy rebounded, high-quality development was solidly promoted, and the import and export of goods trade operated smoothly and positively. According to customs statistics, China’s total import and export value in the first three quarters was 30.8 trillion yuan, a slight decrease of 0.2% year-on-year. Among them, the export was 17.6 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.6%; Imports reached 13.2 trillion yuan, down 1.2% year-on-year. Specific analysis, mainly has the following five characteristics:

First, the scale of foreign trade has increased steadily, hitting a monthly high in September. From a quarterly perspective, imports and exports rose quarter by quarter, with the first, second and third quarters being 9.72 trillion yuan, 10.29 trillion yuan and 10.79 trillion yuan respectively. From a monthly perspective, the import and export in September was 3.74 trillion yuan, an increase of two consecutive months from the previous month, and the scale reached a new high in a single month in the year.

Second, the import and export of private enterprises grew rapidly. In the first three quarters, China’s private enterprises imported and exported 16.34 trillion yuan, up 6.1% year-on-year, accounting for 53.1% of China’s total import and export value. In the same period, the import and export of foreign-invested enterprises was 9.42 trillion yuan, and that of state-owned enterprises was 4.95 trillion yuan, accounting for 30.6% and 16.1% respectively.

Third, the import and export of countries that jointly build the "Belt and Road" is better than the whole. In the first three quarters, China imported and exported 14.32 trillion yuan to countries that jointly built the "Belt and Road", up 3.1% year-on-year, accounting for 46.5% of the total import and export value. This year marks the 10th anniversary of the "One Belt, One Road" initiative. In order to fully demonstrate the achievements made by China and the countries that have jointly built the Belt and Road in the past decade, we have recently compiled the trade index of China and the countries that have jointly built the Belt and Road, which has risen from 100 in the base period of 2013 to 165.4 in 2022, and the role of jointly building the Belt and Road in promoting trade has been continuously enhanced.

Fourth, the proportion of exports of mechanical and electrical products increased. In the first three quarters, the export of mechanical and electrical products in China was 10.26 trillion yuan, up 3.3% year-on-year, accounting for 58.3% of the total export value, up 1.5 percentage points over the same period last year. Among them, automobiles and their spare parts, ships and electrical equipment increased by 48.2%, 26.8% and 16.2% respectively. In the same period, the export of labor-intensive products was 3.07 trillion yuan, accounting for 17.5%.

Fifth, the import of bulk commodities and consumer goods expanded. In the first three quarters, China’s imports of energy, metal ore, grain and other bulk commodities increased by 16.5% year-on-year. Among them, energy products such as crude oil, natural gas and coal were 860 million tons, an increase of 31.8%; Iron, aluminum and other metal ores reached 1.086 billion tons, an increase of 7.8%. In the same period, imported consumer goods reached 1.46 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.1%. Among them, dried and fresh fruits and nuts, medical and health products increased by 22.8% and 18.5% respectively.

Generally speaking, under the general environment of unstable world economic recovery, China’s foreign trade has withstood the pressure, maintained a stable scale and excellent structure, and accumulated positive factors. It is believed that with the continuous improvement of China’s economic operation and the continuous enhancement of endogenous power, the effectiveness of various pragmatic measures to stabilize foreign trade will continue to play, the import and export operation situation will be more stable, the quality and efficiency will be further improved, and the goal of promoting stability and improving quality will certainly be achieved.

Customs is responsible for guarding the country and promoting development. This year marks the 20th anniversary of the implementation of the customs title system. Recently, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader wrote back to all the customs officers in Hongqilafu, putting forward ardent expectations for the customs system to better perform its duties and missions, pointing out the direction for us to do a good job in customs work in the new era and new journey, and providing fundamental follow-up. The national customs will thoroughly study and implement the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on customs work in the new era and the spirit of important reply, accelerate the construction of smart customs and the action of "strengthening the country through smart customs", build a national security barrier, promote high-quality development and high-level opening up, be a national guardian who can reassure the party and satisfy the people, and make positive contributions to the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation.

thank you

Shou Xiaoli:

Thank you for your introduction. Let’s begin to ask questions. Please inform your news organization before asking questions.

Phoenix TV reporter:

Actively expanding imports is an important part of China’s high-level opening to the outside world. How do you evaluate the current import situation in China? In addition, the 6th China International Import Expo will be held. What are your expectations for the import trend in the next stage? In addition, what has the Customs done to protect China International Import Expo(CIIE)? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. China is the second largest economy in the world, carrying nearly one-fifth of the world’s population and creating nearly 30% of the world’s manufacturing added value. It is the world’s most potential big market. For a long time, China has adhered to the strategy of expanding imports and has been the second largest import market in the world for 14 consecutive years. In the first three quarters of this year, China’s foreign trade imports still maintained a good momentum, showing many bright spots in terms of scale, quantity and category structure. Mainly manifested in:

First, the import scale is rising quarter by quarter, and the import trend of independent sources is improving. In the first, second and third quarters, China imported 4.23 trillion yuan, 4.39 trillion yuan and 4.58 trillion yuan respectively, and the scale was expanded quarter by quarter. Among them, China’s imports from Latin America, ASEAN and the European Union have all increased for two consecutive quarters, and the growth rates in the third quarter were 8.5%, 6.3% and 2.6% respectively.

Second, the import volume has steadily increased, and the role of ensuring supply and stabilizing the chain has continued to play. China’s import volume has increased year-on-year for eight consecutive months, with a cumulative increase of 2.6% in the first three quarters. In particular, the import volume of resources and energy products and key components to meet domestic production needs has steadily expanded, such as crude oil, natural gas and metal ore, which increased by 14.6%, 8.2% and 7.8% respectively; The import volume of computer central processing parts and aircraft parts also increased by 42.9% and 15.9% respectively.

Third, import access is open and diversified to better meet the needs of people’s livelihood consumption. Up to now, China has established customs inspection and quarantine cooperation relations with 171 countries and regions, and signed nearly 400 international cooperation documents on agricultural products and food access. In the first three quarters, China’s imports of agricultural products increased by 8.6%, of which dry and fresh fruits and nuts, alcohol and beverages increased by 22.8% and 21% respectively. At the same time, with the steady expansion of domestic consumer demand, the import of some personalized and upgraded consumer goods has increased. In the first three quarters, China’s imports of jewelry, watches and clocks, health care products, shoes and boots increased by 74.3%, 18.9%, 18.5% and 9.2% respectively.

Expanding imports is the proper meaning for China to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, and it is also beneficial for all countries in the world to share China’s development opportunities. Next month, the 6th China International Import Expo(CIIE) will be held in Shanghai. On the basis of summarizing the customs clearance facilitation measures of the previous five sessions in China International Import Expo(CIIE), our department has issued 17 facilitation measures, covering the whole process of exhibition admission, exhibits clearance and post-exhibition disposal. In order to ensure China International Import Expo(CIIE) to "run better and better", the Customs has further innovated its supervision system, adopted special approval measures for animal and plant products and foods on the premise of controllable risks, expanded the scope of exhibits, and provided convenience for more countries, enterprises and products to share the dividends in the China market.

Generally speaking, with the deepening of China’s import expansion strategy, a new development pattern with domestic big circulation as the main body and domestic and international double circulation promoting each other has been accelerated, and the open and huge China market will benefit the world more and more widely. Thank you.

Red star journalist:

We are concerned that the latest trade forecast released by the WTO in October lowered the global trade growth forecast for 2023. What do you think of the current foreign trade situation in China? How to predict the annual growth rate? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. Since the beginning of this year, the world economic recovery has been unstable, external demand has weakened, prices have fallen, and the impact of last year’s high base has put a lot of pressure on China’s foreign trade growth. However, with the precise efforts of various domestic policies, enterprises have taken the initiative to seek innovation and progress and overcome difficulties. In the first three quarters, China’s foreign trade operated smoothly, and the year-on-year growth rate was basically the same, showing a positive and good development trend.

Specifically, the first is "stability", which is fundamental. First, the scale was stable. In the second and third quarters, both imports and exports were above 10 trillion yuan, maintaining a historical high level; Second, the main body is stable. In the first three quarters, the number of foreign trade enterprises with import and export performance in China increased to 597,000, of which the import and export value of enterprises that have been active since 2020 accounted for nearly 80% of the total; Third, the share is stable. According to our preliminary calculation, the international market share of China’s exports in the first seven months was basically the same as that of the same period last year. "Stability" is a solid foundation for the high-quality development of China’s foreign trade, and it is also a concentrated expression of the ability of foreign trade to resist stress and adversity.

At the same time of stability, the current foreign trade operation also shows "good" positive changes: First, the overall trend is good. The scale of import and export is expanding quarter by quarter, and the monthly trend is improving; Especially in September, the scale hit a new monthly high in the year, with three fewer month-on-month and one working day less year-on-year. If the influence of working day difference is excluded, the import and export in September increased by 0.9% year-on-year. Second, private enterprises have good vitality. In the first three quarters, the monthly import and export growth rate of private enterprises was higher than that of the whole. The export proportion of private enterprises’ own brand products increased by 0.7 percentage points year-on-year to 22.7%, and the brand awareness in the fields of automobiles, construction machinery and consumer electronics was further enhanced. Third, the market potential is good. In the first three quarters, China’s import and export to emerging markets such as Central Asia, Africa and Latin America increased by 33.7%, 6.7% and 5.1% respectively, both higher than the overall growth rate of China’s foreign trade; Recently, China’s import and export to traditional markets such as the European Union and the United States have also improved significantly. Fourth, the platform has developed well. In the first three quarters, the import and export of 21 pilot free trade zones in China was 5.65 trillion yuan, up 4.6%, accounting for 18.3% of China’s total foreign trade; The import and export of Hainan Free Trade Port increased by 20.3%.

About the next foreign trade trend. We have also noticed that the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have recently expressed concern about the fragmentation of global trade. The WTO has lowered the growth rate of global merchandise trade this year from the previous forecast of 1.7% to 0.8%, indicating that the world economic recovery and sustainable development are still facing enormous challenges, and the external environment facing China’s foreign trade is still complex and severe. However, we should also see that the positive factors of China’s economic recovery are still accumulating. With the steady scale and excellent structure of China’s foreign trade, the foundation of "stability" will be more solid, and the change of "good" will be more prominent. We have reason to be confident to achieve the goal of promoting stability and improving quality of foreign trade throughout the year and continue to play the supporting role of imports and exports in the economy. Thank you.

Japan’s Kyodo News reporter:

From the macro-economic point of view, import and export continued to grow negatively until September, and international organizations expressed concern about the economic situation in China. What do you think of China’s trade prospects? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. As for China’s trade, I just informed you about the situation in the first three quarters. Recently, with the increase of positive factors, foreign trade has also shown a positive trend. For the next stage of China’s foreign trade operation, we believe that there are still many favorable factors to support it.

First, the domestic economy is running well. The manufacturing PMI rebounded for four consecutive months, and the growth rate of industrial added value and social zero consumption in August accelerated by 0.8 and 2.1 percentage points respectively compared with the previous month. Especially the recent "Super Golden Week", I believe everyone felt the surging vitality of China’s economy.

The second is the consolidation of industrial advantages. The dominant export industries such as ships, construction machinery and household appliances have further improved their market share, international competitiveness and brand influence. At the same time, the import and export of consumer electronics industry showed a recovery momentum. The import and export of integrated circuits rose continuously in August and September, and the year-on-year decline of mobile phone and computer exports in September was significantly narrowed.

The third is the improvement of orders and confidence of enterprises. According to the statistical survey of China Customs’ trade prosperity, the proportion of enterprises with new export and import orders increased or remained flat in September increased by 0.8 and 1.7 percentage points respectively compared with last month, and the proportion of optimistic export and import enterprises increased by 1.3 and 0.7 percentage points respectively compared with last month.

Undeniably, China’s foreign trade will still face many difficulties and challenges. In particular, the external environment is more complicated and severe, the recovery of the world economy is weak, unilateralism, trade protectionism and geopolitical risks will all put pressure on China’s foreign trade.

But on the whole, as I just introduced, with the positive factors of China’s economic recovery accumulating, a series of policies and measures to stabilize the scale and optimize the structure of China’s foreign trade have been effective, and import and export are expected to continue to consolidate the good momentum and achieve the goal of promoting stability and improving quality throughout the year. Thank you.

Voice of China reporter from Central Radio and Television General Station:

You just mentioned that the Customs recently compiled the trade index between China and the countries that jointly built the Belt and Road Initiative. Could you tell us something about this index? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. This year marks the tenth anniversary of the initiative of the Supreme Leader Chairman to jointly build the Belt and Road Initiative. In the past ten years, the economic and trade relations between China and its partners in the Belt and Road Initiative have become increasingly close, and trade exchanges have continued to be active. Recently, the General Administration of Customs organized the compilation of the trade index of China and the countries jointly building the Belt and Road Initiative, which comprehensively and systematically showed the achievements of foreign trade development of China and the countries jointly building the Belt and Road Initiative in the past ten years from four dimensions: trade scale, trade structure, trade mutual benefit and trade promotion.

Just now, I have introduced that the total trade index between China and the countries that jointly built the Belt and Road Initiative has increased from 100 in the base period of 2013 to 165.4 in 2022. Mainly presents the following characteristics:

First, the scale of trade has risen rapidly. In the past ten years, the scale of trade between China and the co-construction countries has been significantly improved, reaching 161.3 in 2022, and the import and export scale has climbed from 10.11 trillion yuan in 2013 to 18.95 trillion yuan in 2022, with an accumulated increase of 87.4%, with an average annual growth rate of 7%, which is 1.5 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of China’s foreign trade in the same period, and its proportion in China’s total import and export value has increased from 39.2% to 45.4%.

Second, the trade structure continued to improve. In the past ten years, the trade structure index of China and the co-construction countries has generally shown an upward trend, reaching 118.9 in 2022. China’s industrial structure is more in line with that of the co-construction countries, industrial ties are closer, and the foundation of trade cooperation is solid.

Third, the degree of trade mutual benefit is deepening. In the past ten years, the degree of mutual trade benefit between China and the co-construction countries has generally increased rapidly. In 2022, the index of mutual trade benefit reached 164, reflecting the deepening degree of open cooperation and mutually beneficial sharing between China and the co-construction countries. At present, China is the top three trading partners of 114 countries and the largest trading partner of 68 countries. At the same time, China is also the largest source of imports for 74 countries and the largest export market for 35 countries.

Fourth, the role of trade promotion has continued to increase. In the past ten years, the overall trade promotion index of China and the co-construction countries showed an obvious upward trend, reaching 217.3 in 2022. Nearly 90% of China’s export of foreign contracted projects is for co-construction of countries, and a series of co-construction projects such as ports, railways, bridges and overseas industrial parks have successively landed. At the same time, the international logistics channels between China and the co-established countries have continued to expand, which has effectively promoted trade growth. Take China-Europe trains as an example. In the past ten years, the number of China-Europe trains has increased rapidly from 80 in 2013 to 16,000 in 2022, and now it has reached more than 200 cities in 25 countries.

Regarding the specific situation of the trade index of China and the countries jointly building the Belt and Road Initiative, we will publish it in the "Trade Index" column of the China Customs portal, and update it according to the year. Everyone is welcome to pay attention. Thank you.

Bloomberg reporter:

I have two questions. First of all, China’s declared export data to Malaysia, the United States, Thailand, Singapore and other countries are actually larger than those countries’ declared imports from China, which is actually impossible. Can you explain why? The second question is, why didn’t the data in US dollars be released at this conference? In the past, most of China’s trade was settled in US dollars, but this time, all the data has been published in RMB. We may have to wait an hour or more after the meeting to get the data. Can we get the data in US dollars at this conference? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Regarding the two questions you mentioned, the first question, as I understand it, involves the difference of statistical data of bilateral trade. I have already responded to this question before. In theory, the statistics of China Customs and the statistics of trading partners are mirror images of each other, but in fact, due to various reasons, such as re-export in a third place, they are not completely consistent. For some countries, we have comparative cooperation in trade statistics, while for some countries, we have not carried out such cooperation. However, all our data are published publicly on the Internet, and all parties interested in bilateral trade statistics can make their own analysis.

Regarding the second question, the currency of the import and export data, since 2014, we have adopted the local currency pricing in an all-round way, that is, we publish China’s import and export data in RMB. But at the same time, in order to maintain continuity, we publish it online, which is the data denominated in US dollars that you just mentioned. These two data are released at the same time, one is on-site and online, and the other is online. You can visit the website to check the data of US dollars as needed. Thank you.

China News Agency reporter:

What achievements has the General Administration of Customs made since it introduced 16 measures to optimize the business environment? In addition, what measures will the General Administration of Customs introduce in the near future to further promote the stable scale and excellent structure of foreign trade? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. Since the beginning of this year, the General Administration of Customs has resolutely implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, promoted the stable scale and excellent structure of foreign trade, and made great efforts to implement a package of measures to promote stability and improve quality. Within the scope of customs duties, targeted policies and measures were introduced. In June this year, we introduced 16 measures to optimize the business environment of the customs, and the customs directly under the customs issued detailed supporting measures accordingly, forming a combination of policies and measures to stabilize foreign trade. We have paid close attention to the implementation of various measures, established a tracking and feedback mechanism for the implementation, went deep into enterprises to send policies, listen to opinions and solve problems, strengthened the synergistic effect of policies, and helped the stable development of foreign trade. Judging from our tracking situation, 16 measures are taking effect one after another. Generally speaking, the benefits to enterprises are mainly reflected in three aspects:

First, cross-border logistics is more convenient. The pilot scope of facilitation measures such as "direct lifting by ship", "direct loading at port" and "joint loading and unloading" has been continuously expanded, the supervision and inspection process of high-tech equipment has been continuously optimized, and the efficiency of inspection and release of bulk resources commodities has been continuously accelerated, which has effectively guaranteed the fast-forward and fast-out of import and export goods. For example, the "joint loading and unloading" supervision mode between Shanghai Yangshan Port and the relevant ports in the Yangtze River Delta has promoted the continuous encryption of the branch lines in the Yangtze River, such as Shanghai-Taicang Port, and saved the export logistics cost by 30% per TEU.

Second, reducing burdens and increasing efficiency are more obvious. Among the 16 articles, there are many measures to reduce costs and increase convenience for enterprises, such as facilitating enterprises to apply for export tax rebates, increasing the credit cultivation of "specialized and innovative" enterprises, promoting AEO enterprises to enjoy customs clearance convenience at home and abroad, further expanding the scope of application of the voluntary disclosure policy, and providing enterprises with convenient channels for fault tolerance, error correction and law-abiding. Since the beginning of this year, only the voluntary disclosure policy has been applied, which has reduced or exempted enterprises from paying tax late fees by over 100 million yuan according to law. At the same time, we have also improved the "12360 hotline" service of the customs, made good use of such mechanisms as "the reception day for customs officers" and "the door-to-door delivery of policies by customs officers" to help enterprises solve practical problems in time and continuously improve the sense of acquisition and satisfaction of the vast number of import and export enterprises.

In the third aspect, the kinetic energy of innovation and development is more sufficient. Vigorously support the healthy development of new formats such as cross-border e-commerce, further expand the scope of cross-border return test of cross-border e-commerce retail exports and cross-border e-commerce online shopping bonded retail imports, and continue to solve the problem of "difficult return" of cross-border e-commerce. Accelerate the comprehensive reform of the comprehensive bonded zone, and introduce 23 comprehensive reforms to promote the high-quality development of the comprehensive bonded zone, giving full play to the role of the comprehensive bonded zone in opening up the highland.

In the next step, we will continue to closely follow the implementation of policies and measures, at the same time, we will deeply understand the expectations and demands of enterprises and local governments, strengthen the reserve of foreign trade policies and measures around the key directions of steadily expanding exports, exploring diversified markets, and helping enterprises tide over difficulties, and introduce new policies and measures in a timely manner to help enterprises stabilize orders and expand markets, and help promote the stable scale and excellent structure of foreign trade. Thank you.

Zhejiang Daily News reporter:

In the first three quarters, China’s imports and exports with countries that have jointly built the Belt and Road have achieved steady growth. What do you think are the main factors driving growth? What new measures has China Customs taken to promote the joint construction of the "Belt and Road"? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. Since the "One Belt, One Road" initiative was put forward, the level of interconnection between China and co-construction countries has been greatly improved, foreign trade and cross-border logistics have become more convenient, domestic and international cooperation has become more efficient, the level of industrial cooperation has been continuously improved, the fields of industrial cooperation have been continuously broadened, and trade exchanges have become more frequent, so the trade between China and co-construction countries has achieved steady growth. In the first three quarters, China’s import and export to countries that jointly built the Belt and Road Initiative was 14.32 trillion yuan, up by 3.1%, and its proportion in China’s total import and export value continued to increase, reaching 46.5%.

All along, the Customs has thoroughly studied and implemented the spirit of the important instructions of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, and made serving the high-quality and building the "Belt and Road" as a key task, and paid close attention to implementation and promotion. Since the beginning of this year, we have mainly carried out the following work:

First, actively promote the access and import of high-quality agricultural and food products. In the first three quarters, 67 customs inspection and quarantine cooperation documents were signed with countries that jointly built the "Belt and Road", including 50 agricultural and food products access agreements.

Second, continue to carry out trade facilitation cooperation. We have signed a memorandum of understanding on "single window" cooperation in international trade with the Iranian Customs Administration, and signed AEO cooperation documents with the Philippines, Costa Rica, Uzbekistan and South Africa.

Third, vigorously improve the level of port software and hardware, optimize the "Belt and Road" customs information sharing and exchange platform, and ensure the stable operation of the China-Kazakhstan Customs Tietong project.

Fourth, actively participate in the preparatory work for the third "Belt and Road" international cooperation summit forum and the special forum on smooth trade.

Fifth, the "One Belt, One Road" seminar on customs food safety cooperation was successfully held to promote the "One Belt, One Road" customs food safety mechanism cooperation.

With the deepening of the "One Belt, One Road" with high quality, the smooth trade between China and the co-construction countries will be more convenient and efficient, the level of trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and the cooperation level of industrial chain and supply chain will be further improved, and trade is expected to achieve a higher level of development. The customs will continue to upgrade and develop the multi-bilateral cooperation mechanism of the country, vigorously promote cooperation in the fields of trade safety and convenience, inspection and quarantine, and continue to promote the high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road". Thank you.

Taiwan Province United Daily News reporter:

From the data of the first eight months of this year, we can see that the import and export volume on both sides of the mainland and Taiwan Province shows signs of continuous decline. At the same time, the mainland conducted a trade barrier investigation against Taiwan Province. Excuse me, how will the General Administration of Customs continue to promote the normalization of cross-strait economic and trade development and achieve mutual benefit and win-win results? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. Let me first introduce the relevant situation of cross-strait trade. In the first three quarters of this year, cross-strait trade totaled 1.36 trillion yuan, down 14.6% year-on-year. Among them, the mainland exported 351.8 billion yuan to Taiwan Province, down 15% year-on-year; Imports from Taiwan Province reached 1.01 trillion yuan, down 14.5% year-on-year.

Since the beginning of this year, within the scope of its duties, the Customs has launched a series of innovative measures in promoting trade facilitation and optimizing the business environment at ports. I also introduced them just now and achieved positive results. We will continue to pay close attention to the implementation of relevant trade trends and policies and measures, strengthen the reserve of policies and measures to stabilize foreign trade, and introduce new policies and measures in a timely manner to continuously help the stable development of foreign trade. Thank you.

Shenzhen Satellite TV reporter:

As a new foreign trade format with rapid development in China, cross-border e-commerce is an important way for many enterprises to obtain orders. What was the import and export situation of cross-border e-commerce in the third quarter? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. Regarding the statistics of cross-border e-commerce, at the press conference in the first half of the year, I introduced the frequency of statistical investigation of cross-border e-commerce in China, which is annual report and semi-annual report. As for the data you care about in the first three quarters of this year, we have a preliminary statistical data for your reference based on historical data and the latest import and export situation. In the first three quarters, China’s cross-border e-commerce import and export was 1.7 trillion yuan, an increase of 14.4%. Among them, exports were 1.3 trillion yuan, an increase of 17.7%; Imports were 0.4 trillion yuan, up 5.3%. Thank you.

Cover journalist:

At present, the international market demand is relatively weak, does it have an impact on China’s exports? What is the spokesman’s expectation for the foreign trade trend in the fourth quarter? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. As we all know, since the beginning of this year, the recovery of the world economy has been weak, and the development of global trade has been under multiple pressures, especially the continued sluggish external demand has had a direct impact on China’s exports. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued a series of policies and measures to stabilize foreign trade in time, which effectively helped enterprises to solve difficulties. At the same time, the vast number of enterprises are also actively responding to changes in international demand, grasping orders, optimizing structure, expanding markets, and constantly opening up new development space. In the face of great difficulties and challenges, China’s foreign trade exports have maintained strong resilience. According to customs statistics, China’s foreign trade exports increased by 0.6% in the first three quarters, especially in the last two months. In August and September, the export scale continued to expand, increasing by 1.2% and 5.5% respectively from the previous month, and the trend of stabilization and recovery was obvious. Specifically:

First, the export volume has turned from decrease to increase, and the recovery momentum has been consolidated. Price and quantity are two apparent factors that affect the value. Some monthly export values declined this year, mainly due to the drop in export prices. In terms of volume, the export volume in August has changed from the previous year-on-year decrease to an increase of 5.9%, and further increased to 7.9% in September.

Second, traditional superior products have stabilized, and green kinetic energy has continued to exert its strength. In the past two months, the export of traditional superior products in China’s consumer electronics industry chain has stabilized and improved. The export of integrated circuits turned from negative to positive in August, and the year-on-year growth rate in September increased to 2.8%. The export of mobile phones and computers in September increased by 124.9% and 8.3% respectively, and the year-on-year decline narrowed by 14.3 and 13.4 percentage points respectively compared with August. At the same time, the export value of the "new three" products of lithium batteries, electric manned vehicles and solar cells has maintained double-digit growth for 14 consecutive quarters.

Third, from the market point of view, the main traditional markets have improved significantly, and the growth of emerging markets has accelerated. In September, the year-on-year decline of China’s exports to Japan, the European Union, South Korea and the United States narrowed by 14.1, 8.7, 8.1 and 0.5 percentage points respectively compared with August, and the year-on-year growth rate of exports to emerging markets such as the Middle East, Africa and Central Asia further accelerated.

As for the export trend in the fourth quarter, we believe that the instability of the world economic recovery is still the biggest challenge for exports, but the comprehensive competitive advantage of China’s exports is still stable. According to the statistical survey of China Customs’ trade prosperity, the proportion of enterprises that reported stable or increased export orders in September increased by 0.8 percentage points compared with that in August, and the proportion of enterprises that expressed optimism about future exports increased by 1.3 percentage points. On the whole, thanks to the strong policies, the efforts of enterprises and the concerted efforts of all parties, the momentum of export stabilization and improvement in the fourth quarter is expected to continue to be consolidated. Thank you.

Southern Metropolis Daily reporter:

Private enterprises are the largest business entity in China’s foreign trade. What are the outstanding characteristics of private enterprises’ import and export this year? What has the Customs done in implementing the important opinions of the state on promoting the development of private economy? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. Private enterprises have become a new force to promote Chinese modernization and an indispensable foundation for high-quality development, and have played an active role in stabilizing growth, promoting employment and improving people’s livelihood. In the field of foreign trade, in the first three quarters, the import and export of private enterprises in China increased by 6.1%, which was obviously better than the whole, and it was the backbone of stable scale and excellent structure. Specifically:

First, private enterprises are the main engine of foreign trade growth. In the first three quarters, there were 511,800 private enterprises with import and export performance in China, and the import and export amounted to 16.34 trillion yuan, accounting for 85.7% and 53.1% of the total respectively, up by 1.1 and 3.1 percentage points respectively year-on-year, and the scale was considerable. At the same time, the monthly import and export performance of private enterprises is better than the whole. In August, imports and exports turned positive, and the growth rate in September increased by 4.1 percentage points to 6.6%, which is gratifying.

Second, private enterprises are a new force for innovation and development. For example, it continues to play a leading role in green and low-carbon development. In the first three quarters, the proportion of private enterprises in the export of solar cells, lithium batteries and electric manned vehicles further increased to 78.9%, 59.9% and 56.8%. In the first three quarters, the proportion of private enterprises in the import and export of integrated circuits increased by 2.6 and 4.9 percentage points respectively, to 42% and 32.8%.

Third, private enterprises are the vanguard of brand building. In recent years, a number of independent brands of private enterprises have emerged in China in the fields of photovoltaics, construction machinery and consumer electronics, which have upgraded from "Made in China" to "China brand" and further enhanced the reputation of Chinese brands. In the first three quarters, the proportion of solar cells, construction machinery and computers exported by private enterprises in China was 78%, 57.9% and 52.4% respectively.

Fourth, private enterprises are also the dominant players in the import and export of consumer goods. "Entering" can adapt to the diversified domestic needs and meet the needs of the people for a better life. "Going out" also provides high-quality products for the international market and benefits consumers all over the world. In the first three quarters, private enterprises were the largest importers of food, tobacco, alcohol, daily necessities and cultural and entertainment consumer goods in China, accounting for 70.7%, 53.9% and 49.6% respectively. At the same time, it is also the leading force in the export of consumer goods such as textiles and clothing, shoes and boots, luggage, etc. In the first three quarters, the proportion of private enterprises in the export of these products exceeded 80%.

This year, the General Administration of Customs issued 16 measures to optimize the business environment, and the customs directly under it also issued corresponding detailed supporting measures, strengthened policy synergy, went deep into enterprises to send policies, listen to opinions and solve problems, and helped the stable development of foreign trade. Judging from the implementation, the policy dividend has been continuously released, and the sense of acquisition and satisfaction of the import and export enterprises has also been continuously improved. In the next step, the Customs will, as always, conscientiously implement the policies and measures of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on promoting the development and growth of the private economy, empower enterprises from the aspects of promoting smooth logistics, facilitating trade, helping enterprises reduce burdens and increase efficiency, and supporting innovative development, so as to boost the confidence of private enterprises in development. Thank you.

Shou Xiaoli:

Last two questions.

The picture shows Shou Xiaoli, deputy director and spokesperson of the State Council Information Office, inviting reporters to ask questions. (photo by Yan Haijun)

Beijing Youth Daily reporter:

In recent years, ASEAN has maintained its position as China’s largest trading partner. Would you like to ask about the import and export of trade between China and ASEAN this year? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. Let me first report the trade between China and ASEAN. In the first three quarters of this year, China’s import and export to ASEAN was 4.68 trillion yuan, up 0.8% year-on-year, accounting for 15.2% of China’s foreign trade. ASEAN continued to be China’s largest trading partner, and bilateral economic and trade exchanges also maintained a good development trend. Specifically:

First, industrial integration is deepening, and trade in intermediate products is close. Since 2012, ASEAN has been the largest trading partner of China’s intermediate products. In the first three quarters of this year, intermediate products accounted for 64.3% of the total import and export value between China and ASEAN. China and ASEAN have close cooperation in the fields of electronic information, automobiles and other industries. In the first three quarters, ASEAN was the largest source of imports of audio and video equipment parts, flat panel display modules and other products in China, and the import value achieved rapid growth; At the same time, China’s exports of auto parts, diodes, spare parts for automatic data processing equipment and lithium batteries to ASEAN have increased to varying degrees.

Second, the road of cooperation has been continuously broadened, and the trade in agricultural products has become richer and more convenient. With the new land-sea corridor in the west, the two cross-border corridors of China-Laos Railway and Tiehai Intermodal Train, which play a more and more important role in promoting bilateral trade, the access of agricultural and food products has been actively promoted, and the agricultural products with ASEAN characteristics have entered China more smoothly. In the first three quarters, China imported 193.24 billion yuan of agricultural products from ASEAN, an increase of 6.5%. The import performance of some special agricultural products was outstanding. The import of dried and fresh fruits and nuts was 61.46 billion yuan, an increase of 35.3%, of which fresh durian, mangosteen and pineapple increased by 81.1%, 17% and 14.4% respectively.

Last month, China hosted the 20th China-ASEAN Expo and the China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit. In the past 20 years, the trade scale between the two sides has crossed the level of 6 trillion yuan, reaching 6.42 trillion yuan in 2022, and they have been each other’s largest trading partners for three consecutive years. Looking forward to the future, with the full implementation of RCEP, the negotiations on version 3.0 of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area will be accelerated, the areas of cooperation between the two sides will be further expanded, economic and trade exchanges will be further deepened, the trade development potential between China and ASEAN will be huge, and the "cake" of mutual benefit and win-win will be bigger and bigger. Thank you.

Nanfang Daily Southern+Reporter:

As for the export of green and low-carbon products, Director Lu just mentioned "three new products". Electric manned vehicles, lithium batteries and solar cells have been growing continuously in recent years. Can you tell us about the "new three samples" exports in the first three quarters of this year? What measures does the Customs take to promote the export of green and low-carbon products? Thank you.

Lv daliang:

Thank you for your question. At present, the green and low-carbon transformation of the global economy is accelerating, and China’s achievements in creating new green and low-carbon growth points are prominent, which has led to the rapid growth of the "new three" exports represented by electric manned vehicles, lithium batteries and solar cells. In the first three quarters, China’s "new three products" exported a total of 798.99 billion yuan, up 41.7% year-on-year, accounting for 1.3 percentage points of China’s exports, reaching 4.5%.

Customs continued to promote the innovation of supervision service mode, optimize the business environment of cross-border trade, pay attention to the demands of emerging industries such as "New Three Kinds", stimulate the business vitality and export power of enterprises, help improve the international competitiveness of products, promote the continuous release of new kinetic energy for the growth of "New Three Kinds" products, and better promote the development of global green and low-carbon economy. Thank you.

Shou Xiaoli:

That’s all for today’s press conference. Thank you, Director Lu Daliang. Thank you, journalists and friends. Goodbye.